A nurse administers medications to a client who has asthma. Which medication classification is paired correctly with its physiologic action?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Answer B is correct as a cholinergic antagonist works by inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to bronchodilation. The parasympathetic nervous system typically causes bronchoconstriction, so inhibiting it results in dilation of the bronchi and improved airflow in asthma patients. Choice A is incorrect as bronchodilators do not stabilize mast cell membranes; they directly relax bronchial smooth muscles. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroids work by reducing airway inflammation and suppressing the immune response, not by directly relaxing bronchial smooth muscles. Choice D is incorrect as cromones prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells, rather than disrupting their production pathways.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of blood clots, so anticoagulants like warfarin are used to prevent stroke. Warfarin helps to maintain proper blood thickness. Aspirin (B) is an antiplatelet drug, not as effective as anticoagulant in preventing stroke in atrial fibrillation. Heparin (C) is usually used for short-term anticoagulation and not as a long-term treatment for atrial fibrillation. Clopidogrel (D) is also an antiplatelet drug, not the first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a low O2 saturation level indicates poor oxygenation, which is critical in ADHF. Step 1: Check airway patency and oxygen delivery. Step 2: Administer supplemental oxygen. Step 3: Monitor for improvement in O2 saturation. Choices B, C, and D are important but not as urgent. B: Weight gain can indicate fluid retention but not an immediate threat. C: Elevated heart rate is common in ADHF but not immediately life-threatening. D: Decreased urine output may indicate renal dysfunction, but not as urgent as addressing poor oxygenation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Primary healthcare is essential healthcare based on sound methods and technology. This is because primary healthcare aims to provide basic, essential healthcare services to individuals and families using evidence-based practices and appropriate technology. This ensures that the care provided is of high quality and effective in addressing the health needs of the community. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: While primary healthcare aims to be accessible to individuals and families in the community, it does not necessarily have to be universally accessible. Access may be limited by factors such as geography, resources, or infrastructure. C: Primary healthcare requires active participation from individuals and families to promote health and prevent illness. It focuses on empowering individuals to take control of their health through education and preventive measures. D: Primary healthcare does aim to bring healthcare closer to where people live and work, but this is not the sole defining characteristic. The proximity of care is important for improving access and convenience, but it is not the only aspect that defines primary

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: a focus on the health of the community. Community-based care emphasizes promoting health and wellness within the community, addressing the specific needs and challenges of the population. This approach involves collaboration with community members, organizations, and resources to improve overall health outcomes. This choice directly aligns with the concept of community-based care, reflecting a comprehensive and holistic approach to healthcare. Summary of other choices: A: While care may be provided within a defined area in community-based care, the focus is not solely on geography but on the community's overall health. B: Community-based care is not limited to mental health but encompasses all aspects of healthcare. D: Population-based care is a broader concept that focuses on health outcomes at the population level, whereas community-based care is more specific to the community's health needs.