ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards Questions
Question 1 of 5
A normal platelet count with prolonged bleeding time is seen in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Von Willebrand disease. Von Willebrand disease is a common inherited bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, which plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion to damaged blood vessels. This deficiency leads to prolonged bleeding time despite having a normal platelet count. Now, let's analyze why the other options are incorrect: A) Hemophilia A is a genetic disorder that results in a deficiency of clotting factor VIII, leading to prolonged bleeding, but it does not affect platelet count. C) Leukemia is a type of cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow, which can lead to low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), but it does not typically cause prolonged bleeding time with a normal platelet count. D) Hypersplenism is a condition where the spleen removes blood cells prematurely from circulation, including platelets, leading to a decreased platelet count, but it does not typically cause prolonged bleeding time with a normal platelet count. Educational Context: Understanding the relationship between platelet count, bleeding time, and various disorders is crucial in pediatric nursing. By grasping the pathophysiology of conditions like Von Willebrand disease, nurses can provide appropriate care, anticipate complications, and educate patients and families effectively. This knowledge aids in accurate assessment, diagnosis, and management of pediatric patients with bleeding disorders, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-year-old boy with hereditary spherocytosis developed transient aplastic crisis following a recent viral infection. The most probable incriminated viral infection is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Parvovirus type B 19. Parvovirus B19 is known to cause transient aplastic crisis in patients with hereditary spherocytosis due to their increased susceptibility to infection-induced hemolysis. Parvovirus B19 infects red blood cell precursors in the bone marrow, leading to decreased red blood cell production and exacerbation of anemia in patients with hereditary spherocytosis. Option A) German measles virus (rubella) is not typically associated with transient aplastic crisis in hereditary spherocytosis. Option B) Human herpes virus 6 is not commonly linked to aplastic crisis in hereditary spherocytosis. Option C) Adenovirus is not a common cause of transient aplastic crisis in individuals with hereditary spherocytosis. Educationally, understanding the specific viral infections that can trigger complications in patients with hereditary spherocytosis is crucial for pediatric nurses to provide appropriate care and monitoring for these patients. This knowledge helps nurses anticipate and manage potential complications effectively, ensuring better outcomes for pediatric patients with hereditary spherocytosis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth. The nurse should expect the infant to now weigh approximately how many pounds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B) 15 pounds. Infants typically double their birth weight by 6 months of age, and this is known as the doubling birth weight milestone. In this case, the infant's birth weight was 7 pounds, so it is reasonable to expect the infant to weigh around 14 pounds by 6 months. Considering normal growth patterns, the closest option is 15 pounds. Option A) 10 pounds is too low for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds at birth. Infants usually exceed their birth weight by 6 months. Option C) 20 pounds is too high for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds at birth. While infants do gain weight rapidly in the first year, reaching 20 pounds by 6 months would be excessive. Option D) 25 pounds is significantly higher than the expected weight for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds. Infants do not typically reach this weight until closer to their first birthday. Understanding pediatric growth and development milestones is crucial for nurses caring for infants. Monitoring weight gain is essential in assessing overall health and nutrition. By knowing the expected weight ranges at different ages, nurses can identify potential issues early and provide appropriate interventions to support optimal growth and development.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is interviewing the father of 10-month-old Megan. She is playing on the floor when she notices an electric outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says no firmly and removes her from near the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father that Megan:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Megan is old enough to understand the word no. This option is correct because infants as young as 10 months old can begin to grasp simple commands and instructions. By firmly saying no and removing her from the dangerous situation, Megan's father is beginning to teach her boundaries and safety. This is a crucial aspect of infant development as it helps them understand cause and effect, learn about dangers, and start building a foundation for discipline. Option B) is incorrect because infants at 10 months are capable of understanding simple words like no, especially when consistently reinforced with actions that follow the words. Option C) is incorrect because infants do not have innate knowledge of dangers such as electric outlets; they rely on caregivers to protect them and teach them about potential hazards. Option D) is incorrect and inappropriate as spanking is not a recommended or effective method of teaching safety or discipline to children. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to provide parents with guidance on age-appropriate discipline strategies and safety measures. By explaining the developmental capabilities of infants and the importance of consistent and positive reinforcement, nurses can help parents create a safe and nurturing environment for their children. This scenario also highlights the significance of early intervention in teaching children about safety to prevent accidents and injuries.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that a 10-month-old infant being seen in the clinic is wearing expensive clothing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer, D) Discuss with the parents the importance of appropriate clothing for infants, is the most appropriate response in this scenario on the Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards. Engaging in a conversation with the parents about the importance of appropriate clothing for infants allows the nurse to provide education on the significance of clothing choices related to the infant's comfort, safety, and development. This approach focuses on building a trusting relationship with the parents and offering guidance rather than making assumptions or judgments about their financial situation. Option A) Question the parents about their financial situation is not the best choice because it may come across as intrusive, judgmental, and insensitive. It is not within the nurse's scope of practice to directly question the parents about their financial status without a valid reason. Option B) Ask the parents if they receive assistance for clothing may also not be the most appropriate response as it assumes that the parents are in need of assistance based solely on the infant's clothing. This approach may lead to misunderstandings and potentially offend the parents. Option C) Advise the parents on budget-friendly clothing options is not the most suitable response in this situation because it focuses solely on the financial aspect of clothing choices. While being cost-conscious is important, the primary concern should be the appropriateness of the clothing for the infant's well-being. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to approach situations like these with sensitivity, cultural competence, and a focus on providing valuable information and support to families rather than making assumptions or judgments. By discussing the importance of appropriate clothing for infants, nurses can empower parents to make informed decisions that benefit their child's health and development.