ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A night shift worker reports, I'm having trouble getting to sleep after a night's work. I have a hearty breakfast with coffee, read the paper, do my exercises, and then go to bed. However, I just lie awake until it is nearly time to get up to be with my family for dinner. What changes should the nurse suggest? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drink juice with breakfast rather than coffee. Coffee contains caffeine, which can interfere with sleep. By switching to juice, the night shift worker can avoid the stimulating effects of caffeine and potentially improve their ability to fall asleep. Juice can also provide hydration and essential nutrients without the sleep-disrupting properties of coffee. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: Exercise after awakening rather than before - While exercising before bed can be stimulating and interfere with sleep, exercising after awakening may not directly address the issue of sleeplessness after a night shift. C: Turn on the television when going to bed - Watching TV before bed can be stimulating and disrupt sleep patterns, so this choice would likely not help the night shift worker with their sleep troubles. D: Do not read the paper - Reading the paper before bed may be a relaxing activity for some individuals and may not directly contribute to the difficulty in falling asleep after a night shift. It is not as impactful as changing the source of
Question 2 of 5
An 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins cursing at the nurse. Select the best method for the nurse to defuse the situation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because taking the child to the gym and engaging in an activity can help redirect their negative energy into a positive outlet. Physical activity can help release tension and improve mood. It also provides a distraction from the triggering situation and allows the child to calm down in a non-confrontational manner. This approach promotes positive behavior reinforcement and builds a rapport with the child. Ignoring the behavior (A) may escalate the situation. Sending the child to time-out for 2 hours (B) is excessive and may lead to further resistance. Role-playing a more appropriate behavior with the child (D) is beneficial but may not be effective in the heat of the moment.
Question 3 of 5
A child known as the neighborhood bully says, 'Nobody can tell me what to do.' After receiving a poor grade on a science project, this child secretly loaded a virus on the teacher's computer. These behaviors support a diagnosis of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder). This diagnosis fits because the child's behavior demonstrates a pattern of defiance, hostility, and disregard for authority figures. Loading a virus on the teacher's computer is a deliberate act of defiance, and the statement "Nobody can tell me what to do" reflects a persistent pattern of oppositional behavior. Summary: A: CD (Conduct Disorder) involves more severe and persistent antisocial behaviors, such as aggression towards people and animals, destruction of property, and serious rule violations. C: Intermittent Explosive Disorder involves sudden and intense outbursts of aggression that are out of proportion to the stressor. D: ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, but does not fully explain the deliberate and calculated behavior displayed by the child in the scenario.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent diagnosed with CD has aggression, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and mood symptoms. The treatment team believes this adolescent may benefit from medication. The nurse anticipates the health care provider will prescribe which type of medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Second-generation antipsychotic. For a patient with CD exhibiting aggression, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and mood symptoms, second-generation antipsychotics are often prescribed due to their efficacy in managing these symptoms. These medications help regulate dopamine and serotonin levels in the brain, addressing the behavioral and emotional issues commonly seen in CD. Antianxiety medications (B) primarily target anxiety symptoms and may not adequately address the other symptoms present. Calcium channel blockers (C) are typically used for hypertension and heart conditions, not for CD symptoms. β-blockers (D) are more commonly used for conditions like hypertension and performance anxiety, and are not typically indicated for the symptoms associated with CD.
Question 5 of 5
A highly agitated client paces the unit and states, 'I could buy and sell this place.' The client's mood fluctuates from fits of laughter to outbursts of anger. Which is the most accurate documentation of this client's behavior?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client's behavior of being agitated, pacing, and expressing grandiosity aligns with symptoms of mania. The mood lability also reflects the client's fluctuating moods. Choice A is incorrect as it does not mention the presence of grandiosity or pacing. Choice B is incorrect because euthymic mood does not match the described behavior. Choice C is incorrect because delusions of reference are not mentioned, and hyperactivity alone does not fully capture the client's behavior.