ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A newly diagnosed patient asks what asthma is. Which of the ff. explanations by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A, "Your airways are inflamed and spastic," is the correct explanation of asthma. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which causes difficulty in breathing, coughing, and wheezing. The inflammation leads to the airways becoming extremely sensitive to various triggers, such as allergens, irritants, or exercise, resulting in spasms that further constrict the air passages. This constriction makes it challenging for air to move in and out of the lungs efficiently, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath. It is essential for the patient to understand that asthma is primarily an inflammatory condition rather than a structural or infectious problem.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the ff nursing interventions should a nurse perform to relieve tachycardia that may develop in a client with myocarditis from hypoxemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering supplemental oxygen is the most appropriate nursing intervention to relieve tachycardia that may develop in a client with myocarditis from hypoxemia. Myocarditis can lead to decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues, which may result in tachycardia as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen. Providing supplemental oxygen will help increase oxygen levels in the blood, improving tissue perfusion and thus reducing the tachycardia. This intervention aims to address the underlying cause of the tachycardia in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
As the nurse collects data on a patient, which of the following is a symptom that may be found that the patient with anaphylaxis may be experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of anaphylaxis, along with other signs such as difficulty breathing, chest tightness, coughing, and throat swelling. Wheezing is caused by the constriction of the airways due to the body's extreme immune response to the allergen, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing sounds during respiration. It is important for healthcare professionals to recognize wheezing as a symptom of anaphylaxis and respond promptly with appropriate interventions, such as administering epinephrine and providing respiratory support.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the ff would help a client with an allergic skin reaction to reduce itching and maintain skin intact? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wearing cotton gloves, especially during sleep, would help protect the skin from further irritation caused by scratching during the night. Cotton is a breathable fabric that is gentle on the skin and can help prevent further damage or itching. It also helps in maintaining the skin intact by creating a barrier between the skin and external irritants, thus reducing the chances of exacerbating the allergic reaction.
Question 5 of 5
What dietary advice should the nurse give to clients with HIV/AIDS?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for clients with HIV/AIDS to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of healthy foods to help support their immune system and overall health. While it may be beneficial for them to increase their intake of certain vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C and zinc, it is generally recommended to get these nutrients from food sources rather than supplements. In fact, there is no evidence to support the routine use of trace elements and antioxidant supplements in individuals with HIV/AIDS. It is always best to consult with a healthcare provider or a dietitian for tailored dietary advice based on individual needs and health status.