ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A newly delivered newborn baby admitted to the neonatal care unit with respiratoy distress; physical examination revealed clubfeet, characteristic compressed facies, low-set ears, and diminished chest wall size; abdominal ultrasound reveals bilateral renal agenesis; ultrasound during pregnancy show amniotic fluid index ≤ 2 cm. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of death in this condition is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bilateral renal agenesis (Potter syndrome) with oligohydramnios (AFI ≤ 2 cm) causes pulmonary hypoplasia, leading to respiratory failure (E) as the primary cause of death, not sepsis (A), asphyxia (B), heart failure (C), or renal insufficiency (D) directly.
Question 2 of 5
In the delivery room and after prolonged labor you received a newborn baby with central and peripheral cyanosis, heart rate 90/min, weak cry, arms and legs well flexed, and withdrawal motion. The Apgar score is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Apgar: cyanosis (color=0), HR 90 (heart rate=1), weak cry (respiration=1), flexed (tone=2), withdrawal (reflex=2) totals 6 (C), reflecting moderate distress.
Question 3 of 5
Late neonatal hypocalcemia (after 3 days of life) is often the result of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Late hypocalcemia (>3 days) often stems from high phosphate milk (E), binding calcium, common in formula-fed infants, unlike other causes (A, B, C, D) which are less frequent.
Question 4 of 5
Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs through vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by transplacental transfer of the organism from the mother to the fetus. All the following statements are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toxoplasmosis treatment (A), transmission increase with gestation (B), acute infection (C), and severity decrease with gestation (E) are true. Reactivation (D) rarely causes fetal infection, making it false.
Question 5 of 5
Congenital CMV infection proved when CMV detected within the first
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CMV detection within 3 weeks (A) confirms congenital infection, distinguishing it from postnatal acquisition, per diagnostic standards.