A newborn is being discharged at age 48 hours. The parents ask how the newborn should be bathed this first week home. How should the nurse recommend to bathe the newborn?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is recommended to bathe a newborn only a few times during the first week with plain water to avoid drying out the baby's delicate skin. Newborns do not need to be bathed daily, as excessive bathing can strip their skin of natural oils and lead to dryness or irritation. Plain water is gentle and sufficient for cleaning a newborn's skin without causing any harm. After the first week, parents can gradually introduce mild soap if needed for cleaning, but it is still not necessary to bathe the baby daily.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: For a child with chronic renal failure, it is important to recommend a diet that is low in phosphorus. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys have difficulty filtering phosphorus from the blood, leading to high levels of phosphorus in the body. High phosphorus levels can contribute to bone problems and other complications in renal failure patients. By recommending a diet low in phosphorus, the nurse can help manage the child's condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is also important to monitor other electrolyte levels such as calcium, potassium, and sodium, and adjust the diet accordingly to maintain proper balance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot typically causes cyanosis, clubbing, and a systolic murmur due to right-to-left shunting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts is because older clients have a faster progression of the disease. As a person ages, their immune system tends to weaken, making them more vulnerable to infections and complications from diseases like AIDS. Older individuals may have decreased immune function and lower resilience when combating HIV-related complications compared to younger clients. This faster disease progression necessitates more frequent monitoring, specialized care, and management strategies tailored to the specific needs of older patients with AIDS. Therefore, older clients with AIDS require more support, medical attention, and comprehensive care to address their complex health needs effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Offering softer food may not address the underlying issue of refusal.