ATI RN
Pediatric Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A newborn diagnosed with an omphalocele defect is admitted to the intensive care nursery. Which nursing action is appropriate based on the current data?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer. In the case of a newborn with an omphalocele defect, it is crucial to maintain the infant's body temperature due to the exposed abdominal organs. Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer helps to prevent hypothermia and promote thermoregulation, which is essential for the infant's overall well-being and recovery. Option B) Placing the newborn in an open crib is incorrect because it does not address the specific need for thermal regulation in a newborn with an omphalocele defect. Exposing the infant to an open environment without adequate warmth can lead to complications. Option C) Preparing the newborn for phototherapy is also incorrect as phototherapy is used to treat conditions like jaundice, which is not directly related to an omphalocele defect. Option D) Preparing the newborn for bottle-feeding is inappropriate at this point as the priority for a newborn with an omphalocele defect is to ensure proper temperature maintenance and medical management before considering feeding options. In a pediatric nursing context, understanding the specialized care needs of infants with congenital defects is crucial for providing safe and effective nursing care. This question highlights the importance of prioritizing immediate physiological needs, such as thermoregulation, in infants with specific medical conditions like an omphalocele defect.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital secondary to dehydration. Laboratory tests indicate a high hemoglobin and hematocrit, and the serum sodium is below normal levels. Which condition does the nurse suspect based on the current data?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is hypotonic dehydration. The combination of high hemoglobin and hematocrit with low serum sodium indicates hypotonic dehydration. In this condition, there is an excess of solutes relative to water, leading to higher red blood cell concentration (elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit) and low serum sodium levels.
Question 3 of 5
The healthcare provider is caring for a child on bed rest who has severe edema in the left lower extremity due to blocked lymphatic drainage. Which nursing diagnosis would take priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis in this scenario is 'Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity' because severe edema in the left lower extremity can lead to compromised circulation and pressure ulcers, increasing the risk of skin breakdown and infection. Addressing and preventing impaired skin integrity is crucial for the child's overall health and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
For a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia, which menu choice should the nurse encourage?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to understand the nutritional needs of children, especially when managing conditions like hypokalemia. The correct menu choice, A) Pizza with a fruit plate, is the best option for a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia. Pizza provides a good source of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats while also being customizable to include potassium-rich toppings like vegetables. The fruit plate further adds essential vitamins, minerals, and natural sugars which can help replenish potassium levels. On the other hand, options B, C, and D are less ideal for a child with hypokalemia. Chicken strips with chips (B) and Hamburger with French fries (D) are high in unhealthy fats and low in potassium, which can exacerbate the condition. Fajita with rice (C) may offer some nutritional value, but it lacks the potassium content needed to address hypokalemia effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering not only taste preferences but also nutritional content when choosing meals for pediatric patients with specific health needs. It reinforces the significance of individualized care and the role of nurses in promoting healthy eating habits to support children's overall well-being.
Question 5 of 5
Why is the specific gravity for infants lower than for older children?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Infants' kidneys are less able to concentrate urine. This is because infants have immature renal systems compared to older children. The developing kidneys of infants are not as efficient at concentrating urine, leading to a lower specific gravity. Option A) Infants having a greater body surface area is not directly related to specific gravity but is more linked to heat regulation and drug absorption. Option B) Infants having a higher basal metabolic rate is also not directly related to specific gravity but refers to the rate at which the body uses energy at rest. Option C) Infants having a greater percentage of body weight that is water is partially correct but does not fully explain the lower specific gravity. While infants do have a higher percentage of body weight as water, the main reason for the lower specific gravity is the immaturity of their kidneys. In an educational context, understanding the differences in renal function between infants and older children is crucial for pediatric nursing. Nurses must be aware of the physiological differences in order to provide appropriate care and monitor the hydration status of infants effectively. This knowledge helps in assessing and managing fluid balance and kidney function in pediatric patients.