ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A newborn assessment finding that would support the nursing diagnosis of postmaturity would be
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: loose skin. Postmaturity in newborns is characterized by dry, cracked, and peeling skin due to prolonged gestation. Loose skin is a classic sign of postmaturity, indicating reduced subcutaneous fat. Ruddy skin color (B) is not specific to postmaturity. Vernix (C) is present in newborns and decreases with gestational age, not directly related to postmaturity. Lanugo (D) is fine hair that covers a fetus and sheds before birth, not a specific indicator of postmaturity.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has access to the results of a karyotype sent out for their patient via an electronic medical record. The parents have accessed the results on their MyChart phone application and have asked the nurse what the results 45, X mean. What is the best response from the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The results indicate your child may have Turner syndrome. This is the best response because 45, X is the karyotype typically associated with Turner syndrome, a genetic condition where a female is missing part or all of one X chromosome. This response shows the nurse's knowledge of genetics and ability to interpret karyotype results accurately. Summary of incorrect choices: B: Your results are 45, X; you will have to wait to talk with the geneticist - This response delays providing crucial information to the parents and does not address their immediate concerns. C: Your results indicate that your daughter has a serious lifelong disease - This choice is too vague and alarming, lacking specificity about the condition associated with the karyotype results. D: I’m not sure; I’ll call the provider - This response shows a lack of knowledge on the nurse's part and does not offer any immediate information or reassurance to the parents.
Question 3 of 5
A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) receives artificial surfactant. How does the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because artificial surfactant improves the ability of the infant's lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse and helping with gas exchange. This explanation directly relates to the purpose of surfactant therapy in treating RDS. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the mechanism or purpose of surfactant therapy. Choice A is incorrect as surfactant does not affect sedation needs, choice C is incorrect as surfactant is not used to address tachycardia, and choice D is incorrect as surfactant is not used to treat respiratory tract infections.
Question 4 of 5
The newborn is having occasional gasping respirations with a heart rate of 90 beats per minute. Skin color is cyanotic with poor muscle tone. Interpreting relevant clinical data in this scenario, what problems are possible? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The newborn is experiencing respiratory distress. Gasping respirations, low heart rate, cyanotic skin, and poor muscle tone are indicative of respiratory distress in a newborn. Gasping is an abnormal breathing pattern seen in severe respiratory distress. A low heart rate is a compensatory response to decreased oxygen levels. Cyanotic skin color indicates poor oxygenation. Poor muscle tone can be a sign of inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues. Explanation for other choices: A: The newborn may be hypothermic due to poor temperature regulation, but the primary concern in this scenario is respiratory distress. B: Being full term does not directly explain the newborn's clinical presentation, so it is not a likely cause. D: Anemia could contribute to poor oxygen delivery, but the clinical presentation suggests a more acute issue related to respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
A premature infant has been admitted to the NICU for both respiratory and nutritional support. When should the nurse begin discharge teaching to the family?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because discharge teaching should start as early as possible and continue throughout the admission to ensure the family receives adequate education and support. Starting early allows for more time to address any concerns, teach necessary skills, and build confidence in caring for the premature infant. This approach promotes better outcomes for both the infant and the family. Choice A is incorrect because waiting for the infant to meet specific goals may delay essential education and support for the family. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on a specific medical intervention rather than comprehensive teaching. Choice C is incorrect because interest alone may not indicate readiness or understanding of the care required for a premature infant.