A new staff nurse completes an orientation to the psychiatric unit. This nurse will expect to ask an advanced practice nurse to perform which action for patients?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because only advanced practice nurses, such as psychiatric nurse practitioners, have the authority to prescribe psychotropic medications. This action falls under their scope of practice and requires advanced education and training in pharmacology and mental health. Asking an advanced practice nurse to prescribe psychotropic medication ensures that patients receive appropriate and safe pharmacological interventions. A: Mental health assessment interviews can be performed by staff nurses, not limited to advanced practice nurses. C: Establishing therapeutic relationships is a fundamental nursing skill that all nurses, including staff nurses, should possess. D: Individualizing nursing care plans is a responsibility of all nurses and does not specifically require involvement of advanced practice nurses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Somatic complaints. In many Latin American cultures, individuals may express emotional distress through physical symptoms due to cultural beliefs and practices. This phenomenon is known as somatization. The patient from Honduras is likely to present with physical complaints as a way of expressing their emotional stress, as discussing mental health openly may be stigmatized in their culture. In contrast, options A, C, and D are less likely as they do not align as closely with cultural patterns of stress expression in this context. Motor restlessness, memory deficiencies, and sensory perceptual alterations are not typically associated with stress expression in this cultural background.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Going to bed a half-hour earlier would work better than sleeping later because it can help the patient establish a more consistent sleep schedule and potentially improve the quality of their sleep. By going to bed earlier, the patient may be able to address their chronic fatigue and feel more refreshed in the morning. Choice A is incorrect as suggesting sedatives may not address the underlying issue of poor sleep quality. Choice C is incorrect as alcohol consumption before bedtime can disrupt sleep patterns. Choice D is incorrect as exercising before bedtime may actually stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because presenting the information again in a calm manner using simple language is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with moderate anxiety who is unable to understand preoperative information. This approach helps to address the patient's anxiety by providing clear and concise information in a way that is easier for them to comprehend. Reassuring the patient about postoperative care (choice A) does not directly address the patient's current state of anxiety and lack of understanding. Telling the patient that staff is prepared to promote recovery (choice C) does not provide the necessary information for the patient to understand the upcoming surgery. Encouraging the patient to express feelings to family (choice D) may be beneficial but does not address the main issue of the patient's inability to understand preoperative information.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rationalization. In this scenario, the individual is justifying their own sexual dysfunction by attributing it to their partner's perceived shortcomings. Rationalization involves creating logical or socially acceptable reasons to justify one's behavior or feelings. In this case, the person is avoiding taking responsibility for their own issues by shifting the blame onto their partner. Incorrect Choices: B: Compensation - This defense mechanism involves making up for a real or perceived deficiency in one area by excelling in another. It does not apply to the situation described. C: Introjection - This involves internalizing external qualities or beliefs of others. It is not demonstrated in the scenario. D: Regression - This defense mechanism involves reverting to an earlier stage of development in response to stress. It is not applicable to the situation where blame is being shifted onto the partner.