ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A new patient at the sleep disorders clinic tells the nurse, I have not slept well in a year, so I never feel good. I do not expect things will ever improve or be any different. Interventions the nurse should consider include (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: providing instruction in relaxation techniques. This is the most appropriate intervention because teaching relaxation techniques can help the patient manage stress and anxiety, which are common contributors to sleep disturbances. By learning to relax, the patient may improve their ability to fall asleep and stay asleep. Choice A is incorrect because suggesting the use of alcohol as a sedative can lead to dependence, disrupt sleep patterns, and worsen the patient's overall health. Choice C is incorrect because while addressing cognitive distortions may be beneficial, it is not the most immediate intervention for improving sleep quality. Choice D is incorrect because providing health teaching on factors that influence sleep is important, but focusing solely on this aspect may not directly address the patient's immediate need for better sleep.
Question 2 of 5
An adolescent acts out in disruptive ways. When this adolescent threatens to throw a heavy pool ball at another adolescent, which comment by the nurse would set appropriate limits?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it directly addresses the behavior of the adolescent by instructing them not to throw the ball and to put it back on the pool table. This sets a clear limit on the inappropriate behavior and provides a specific directive for the adolescent to follow. Choice A does not address the behavior or set limits. Choice B mentions consequences but does not guide the adolescent on what to do instead. Choice D is too vague and does not provide a clear direction for the adolescent to follow. Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate response in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
An 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins shouting at the nurse. What is the nurse's initial action to defuse the situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial action for the nurse to defuse the situation with the 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD is to take the child swimming at the facility's pool (Choice B). This action can help the child release pent-up emotions through physical activity, providing a positive outlet for their anger. Swimming can also have a calming effect on the child's nervous system, promoting relaxation and reducing stress levels. By engaging in a fun and physical activity, the child may be able to regulate their emotions and behavior more effectively than discussing feelings or establishing a behavioral contract in the heat of the moment. Administering an anxiolytic medication (Choice D) should not be the initial response as it does not address the root cause of the behavior, and it is important to try non-pharmacological interventions first. Choices A and C may be helpful in the long term but are not as immediate or appropriate in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent was recently diagnosed with ODD. The parents say to the nurse, 'Isn't there some medication that will help with this problem?' Select the nurse's best response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as medication is not typically the first line of treatment for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). The nurse should educate the parents on the importance of behavioral strategies as the primary intervention. Medications are usually reserved for cases where behavioral approaches have not been effective or for co-occurring conditions. Option A is too absolute and dismissive. Option B is a general statement and does not address the specific situation. Option D provides inaccurate information by suggesting that medications are the main solution without considering other interventions. By selecting option C, the nurse acknowledges the parents' concerns while redirecting the focus towards more appropriate strategies for managing ODD.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder is distraught over insomnia experienced over the past 3 nights and a 12-lb weight loss over the past 2 weeks. Which should be this client's priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Altered nutrition: less than body requirements R/T hyperactivity AEB weight loss. The client's weight loss and hyperactivity indicate a potential imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leading to altered nutrition. This should be the priority nursing diagnosis as it directly addresses the client's physical health and well-being. Choice A is incorrect because the client's primary concern is not knowledge deficit but rather the physical symptoms of weight loss and insomnia. Choice C is incorrect as the client's distress over insomnia and weight loss does not directly indicate immediate risk for suicide. Choice D is incorrect as altered sleep patterns related to mania may be a contributing factor to the insomnia, but the weight loss is a more critical issue that needs immediate attention.