A new mother asks the nurse why newborns receive an injection of vit. K after delivery. What will be the best response from the nurse?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Newborns lack the intestinal flora needed to produce vitamin K, so it is given to prevent bleeding episodes. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and newborns have lower levels at birth. Without enough vitamin K, newborns are at risk of bleeding issues. Giving them a vitamin K injection helps prevent potential bleeding disorders. Choice A is incorrect because vitamin K is not given for digestion or fat absorption. Choice B is incorrect as erythromycin ointment is used for preventing eye infections, not related to vitamin K injections. Choice D is incorrect as vitamin K does not substitute for vitamin C, and it is not primarily for strengthening the immune system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because lethargy, poor perfusion, and apnea are classic signs of neonatal sepsis. Lethargy indicates decreased activity and responsiveness, poor perfusion suggests inadequate blood circulation, and apnea is a serious respiratory issue. These signs indicate a systemic infection affecting multiple organs. Choices A, B, and D do not align with typical symptoms of neonatal sepsis. Tachypnea, poor feeding, and temperature instability (Choice A) are more general and can be seen in various conditions. Increased alertness, reduced crying, and stable vitals (Choice B) are not indicative of sepsis, as sepsis typically causes the opposite. Hyperthermia, bradycardia, and cyanosis (Choice D) can be present in sepsis, but they are not as specific or as common as the signs in Choice C.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Using a peanut ball widens the pelvis, which can help rotate the baby into an optimal position for birth. This position can aid in reducing the likelihood of prolonged labor and the need for interventions. Encouraging side-lying position (A) may not provide the necessary pelvic widening. Placing the mother in lithotomy position (B) can impede the baby's descent. Encouraging ambulation (C) may not specifically address the occiput posterior position and may not provide enough pelvic opening.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Feed the newborn formula immediately. The first action for a newborn showing signs of hypoglycemia is to provide them with a source of glucose to raise their blood sugar levels quickly. Formula feeding is an effective way to achieve this as it provides a concentrated source of glucose. Encouraging breastfeeding or formula feeding (choice B) is a good option but may not address the immediate need for glucose. Monitoring glucose levels every hour (choice C) is important but not the first action to take in an acute situation. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately (choice D) is necessary but should come after addressing the immediate need for glucose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: No dietary restriction (done 24-28 weeks' gestation). This is because the glucose challenge test (GCT) is typically performed between 24-28 weeks of gestation to screen for gestational diabetes. It is important not to have any dietary restrictions before the test to ensure accurate results. Restricting food intake before the test can lead to false results. Other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the standard practice of performing the GCT between 24-28 weeks and avoiding dietary restrictions before the test.