ATI RN
Quizlet Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A(n) _____________ disease is a disease in which the body is unable to recognize its own tissue.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Autoimmune. In autoimmune diseases, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, considering them as foreign invaders. This leads to inflammation and damage to the body's own cells and tissues. This is different from opportunistic diseases (A), which take advantage of a weakened immune system, progressive diseases (B) that worsen over time but do not involve immune system dysfunction, and infectious diseases (D) caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Therefore, the inability of the body to recognize its own tissue characterizes autoimmune diseases specifically, making C the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
The Latin term for the cooling of the body after death is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Algor mortis. Algor mortis refers to the cooling of the body after death. This process occurs as the body temperature gradually decreases to match the surrounding environment. Rigor mortis (choice A) is the stiffening of muscles after death, Livor mortis (choice C) is the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body, and Algae mortis (choice D) is not a valid term in forensic science. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the cooling process after death.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the surgical consent with the patient during preoperative education and finds the patient does not understand what procedure will be completed. What is the nurse's best next step?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify the health care provider about the patient's question. The nurse's best next step is to ensure that the patient fully understands the procedure before proceeding with obtaining consent. By notifying the healthcare provider, the nurse can facilitate clear communication between the provider and the patient to address any misunderstandings and clarify information. This step promotes patient autonomy, informed decision-making, and patient safety. Summary: - B: Explaining the procedure directly may not address the underlying issue of the patient's lack of understanding. - C: Continuing preoperative education without addressing the patient's misunderstanding may lead to further confusion. - D: Asking the patient to sign the form without resolving the misunderstanding would not align with informed consent principles.
Question 4 of 5
You are assessing a critical patient and considering the possibility of a reversible cause of his symptomatic slow heart rate. Which of the possibilities is most likely to cause a patient to present with a slow heart rate and associated signs/symptoms of bradycardia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypoxia. Hypoxia can lead to a slow heart rate as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen by decreasing the heart rate. This is known as reflex bradycardia. In a critical patient, hypoxia can be a common cause of bradycardia. A: Cardiac tamponade typically presents with symptoms of Beck's triad (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and distended neck veins) rather than bradycardia. C: Pulmonary embolus can cause tachycardia due to increased workload on the heart, not bradycardia. D: Hypovolemia can also lead to tachycardia as the body tries to compensate for decreased blood volume, rather than bradycardia.
Question 5 of 5
Your adult patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. She reports the pain began last night and has worsened. She is breathing 28 times per minute with a SpO2 of 96 percent on room air. She reports the pain worsens when asked to take a deep breath. Lung sounds are equal with a grating sound heard on inhalation. The patient's heart rate and blood pressure are normal. She is showing a sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular block present in lead II on the ECG. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her complaints?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. In this case, the patient's symptoms of chest pain worsened by deep breathing, grating sound on inhalation, and normal heart rate and blood pressure indicate pleurisy. The grating sound, known as pleural friction rub, is characteristic of pleurisy. The absence of significant cardiac abnormalities rules out acute myocardial infarction. Asthma typically presents with wheezing and bronchospasm, while bronchitis involves cough and sputum production, neither of which are seen in this patient. Pleurisy is the most likely cause based on the patient's presentation and physical exam findings.