Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Active natural immunity. The mother had chickenpox as a child, which triggered her immune system to produce antibodies, providing long-lasting protection. This is an example of active immunity because her immune system actively responded to the pathogen. Summary: B: Passive artificial immunity - This involves receiving pre-made antibodies, not produced by the individual's immune system. C: Passive natural immunity - This is acquired through placental transfer or breastfeeding, not through prior exposure to the pathogen. D: Active artificial immunity - This is acquired through vaccination, not through natural exposure to the pathogen.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring a client's response to an intervention initiated by another healthcare professional is a collaborative nursing intervention. This involves working together with other healthcare team members to assess the client's progress and adjust care as needed. It promotes continuity of care and ensures that the client's needs are met effectively. A: Administering medications is typically an independent nursing intervention. B: Ordering a low-sodium diet is within the scope of a nurse's independent practice. C: Providing health education is often considered an independent nursing intervention unless it involves collaboration with other team members. In summary, choice D is the correct answer as it exemplifies collaborative care within a healthcare team.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluation. In the nursing process, evaluation involves determining if the patient's condition has improved and if the expected outcomes have been met. The nurse assesses the patient's progress, compares it to the expected outcomes set during planning, and determines the effectiveness of the interventions implemented. This step ensures that the care provided is meeting the patient's needs and helps in making any necessary adjustments to the care plan. Incorrect choices: A: Assessment - This step involves gathering information about the patient's condition and needs at the beginning of the nursing process. B: Planning - Involves setting goals and developing a plan of care based on the assessment data. C: Implementation - Involves carrying out the interventions outlined in the care plan to meet the patient's goals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Related to impaired balance. The rationale for this is that a cerebellar brain tumor can affect the client's coordination and balance due to its location in the brain responsible for fine motor movements. Impaired balance increases the risk for falls and injuries. Visual field deficits (choice A) may contribute to the risk of injury but not as directly as impaired balance. Difficulty swallowing (choice C) and psychomotor seizures (choice D) are not directly related to the client's risk for injury due to a cerebellar brain tumor.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thymectomy. Thymectomy involves the surgical removal of the thymus gland, which is often abnormal in individuals with myasthenia gravis. The thymus plays a role in the development of the immune system and can contribute to the autoimmune response seen in myasthenia gravis. By removing the thymus gland, the autoimmune response may be reduced, leading to substantial remission of symptoms. Choice A, Esophagostomy, involves creating a surgical opening into the esophagus and is not a treatment for myasthenia gravis. Choice C, Myomectomy, is the surgical removal of uterine fibroids and is unrelated to myasthenia gravis. Choice D, Spleenectomy, is the removal of the spleen and is not a standard treatment for myasthenia gravis.