ATI RN
Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A mother asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis is improving. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, the kidneys are inflamed and not functioning properly, leading to a decrease in urinary output. As the condition improves, the kidneys are able to filter and excrete waste products more effectively, resulting in an increase in urinary output. This is the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis is improving because it shows that the kidneys are starting to function better. Blood pressure stabilization, increased energy, and absence of protein in the urine may also be positive signs of improvement, but an increase in urinary output is the most direct and specific indicator of improved kidney function in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A 16-year-old, 165-pound patient reports consuming 20-40 325-mg capsules containing acetaminophen 1 hour ago. You should
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Activated charcoal can help reduce absorption of acetaminophen, and plasma levels should be measured 4 hours post-ingestion to assess toxicity using the nomogram.
Question 3 of 5
At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli around 2 months of age. This social smile is an important developmental milestone in infants and signifies their growing social awareness and ability to engage with others. By the age of 2 months, infants are starting to develop social connections and recognize familiar faces, which often elicits smiles in response to positive interactions. Though some infants may start smiling earlier or later, the average age for the emergence of social smiles is around 2 months.
Question 4 of 5
Aisa is to have blood transfusion. Which of the following problems is most likely associated with blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hemolytic reaction is the most likely problem associated with blood transfusion. A hemolytic reaction occurs when the body's immune system attacks the transfused blood, leading to the destruction of red blood cells. This reaction can cause serious complications, including kidney damage, shock, and even death. It is crucial for healthcare providers to carefully match blood types and perform compatibility testing before administering a blood transfusion to minimize the risk of a hemolytic reaction. Serum hepatitis, pulmonary edema, and allergic responses are potential complications of blood transfusions, but hemolytic reactions pose the most immediate and severe threat to the patient's health.
Question 5 of 5
Two hours after arriving on the medical-surgical unit, the client develops dyspnea. SaO2 is 91%, and the client is exhibiting audible wheezing and use of accessory muscles. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this situation, the client is experiencing dyspnea, audible wheezing, and decreased oxygen saturation, indicating the presence of respiratory distress, likely due to bronchoconstriction. These are classic symptoms of an acute asthma exacerbation or an obstructive respiratory condition. Beta2 agonists, such as albuterol, are bronchodilators that work by relaxing the muscles in the airways, relieving bronchoconstriction and improving airflow. Administering a beta2 agonist promptly is crucial to provide relief and improve the client's respiratory status. Antibiotics, antivirals, and beta-blockers are not appropriate treatments for acute bronchoconstriction or asthma exacerbation.