ATI RN
ATI Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A monophasic, high-pitched sound usually caused by partial obstruction in the upper airway is called which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stridor. Stridor is a monophasic, high-pitched sound typically heard during inspiration and caused by partial obstruction in the upper airway. It indicates a potentially serious condition affecting the airway, such as swelling or a foreign body obstruction. Wheezing (A) is a continuous, musical sound usually from lower airway obstruction. Ronchi (B) are low-pitched, coarse sounds from airway secretions. Crepitus (C) is a crackling sensation caused by air under the skin or tissues. In this case, Stridor is the most appropriate choice given the description of the sound and its association with upper airway obstruction.
Question 2 of 5
In which of the following areas could microwave diathermy be used?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle with spasm. Microwave diathermy is a form of deep heat therapy that can help relax muscle spasms by increasing blood flow and promoting healing in the affected area. This treatment is particularly effective in treating muscle-related conditions such as muscle spasms, strains, and sprains. Edematous tissue (A) would be better treated with other modalities like compression and elevation. Fluid-filled cavities (B) are not suitable for microwave diathermy as it can cause uneven heating and potential harm. Reproductive organs (C) are sensitive structures and should not be exposed to microwave diathermy.
Question 3 of 5
A 42-year-old patient of Asian descent is being seen at the clinic for an initial examination. The nurse knows that including cultural information in his health assessment is important to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide culturally sensitive and appropriate care. It is crucial to include cultural information in the health assessment to ensure the patient receives care that respects their beliefs, values, and practices. This leads to better communication, trust, and adherence to treatment plans. Understanding the patient's cultural background helps healthcare providers tailor care to meet the individual's needs, preferences, and expectations. Options A and B focus on identifying illness causes and making accurate diagnoses, which are important but do not address the cultural aspect of care. Option C is not directly related to the importance of cultural information in health assessments.
Question 4 of 5
A college student presents with a sore throat, fever, and fatigue for several days. You notice exudates on her enlarged tonsils. You do a careful lymphatic examination and notice some scattered small, mobile lymph nodes just behind her sternocleidomastoid muscles bilaterally. What group of nodes is this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Posterior cervical nodes. These nodes are located just behind the sternocleidomastoid muscles, which is consistent with the student's presentation of sore throat and enlarged tonsils. The posterior cervical nodes drain the posterior neck, scalp, and parts of the head and neck region, making them likely to be involved in an infection of the tonsils. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Submandibular nodes are located under the mandible, B: Tonsillar nodes are not a distinct group of lymph nodes, and C: Occipital nodes are located at the back of the head.
Question 5 of 5
A 57-year-old maintenance worker comes to your office for evaluation of pain in his legs. He has smoked two packs per day since the age of 16, but he is otherwise healthy. You are concerned that he may have peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following is part of common or concerning symptoms for the peripheral vascular system?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Intermittent claudication. Intermittent claudication is a classic symptom of peripheral vascular disease, characterized by cramping leg pain that occurs with exertion and improves with rest. This is due to inadequate blood flow to the muscles during activity. In this case, the patient's history of smoking increases his risk for peripheral vascular disease. Choice B, chest pressure with exertion, is more indicative of cardiac issues like angina. Choice C, shortness of breath, is more associated with respiratory or cardiac conditions like heart failure. Choice D, knee pain, is not typically related to peripheral vascular disease but could be due to musculoskeletal issues.