ATI RN
Adaptive Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A monoclonal antibody called '3F8' was developed to treat neuroblastoma and was subsequently improved by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. By engineering a form of the antibody with human variable region protein sequences (choice B), it reduces the risk of immune response in patients. Similarly, by engineering a form with human constant region protein sequences (choice C), it further reduces immunogenicity. Therefore, both B and C contribute to making the antibody more suitable for human use, enhancing its efficacy and safety in treating neuroblastoma. Choices A and D are incorrect as they do not address the crucial aspect of reducing immunogenicity through humanization of the antibody.
Question 2 of 5
Amino acids are building blocks of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Proteins. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins because they are linked together in a specific sequence to form protein chains. Proteins are essential for various biological functions in the body. Incorrect options: A: Carbohydrates - Carbohydrates are made up of sugar molecules, not amino acids. B: Nucleic acids - Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are made up of nucleotides, not amino acids. C: Lipids - Lipids are composed of fatty acids and glycerol, not amino acids.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse determines that a patient has long-term immunity against a disease. Which part of the immune system should the nurse recognize is responsible for this patient's long-term immunity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IgG. IgG is an immunoglobulin that provides long-term immunity by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. It is produced by plasma cells in response to an infection, allowing the body to remember the pathogen and mount a quicker and more effective immune response upon re-exposure. IgE is involved in allergic reactions, not long-term immunity. Mast cells are involved in allergic responses and inflammation, not long-term immunity. Plasma cells produce antibodies, including IgG, but the plasma cells themselves are not responsible for long-term immunity.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a person being tested for HIV in a clinic. Which test should the nurse explain is done first in HIV testing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ELISA test. The ELISA test is typically the initial screening test for HIV due to its high sensitivity in detecting HIV antibodies. It is cost-effective and quick. Western blot test is a confirmatory test used if ELISA is positive. Viral load studies monitor the progression of the disease but are not typically done first. Rheumatoid factor test is unrelated to HIV testing. Therefore, the ELISA test is the most appropriate initial step in HIV testing.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following characteristics do not occur in prokaryotic cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles like chloroplasts, where thylakoid membranes are found. This is a key feature of prokaryotic cells. Choices A, C, and D are characteristics that can occur in prokaryotic cells. Cellular organization is present in prokaryotic cells, oxygenic photosynthesis can be carried out by some prokaryotic organisms, and prokaryotic cells can perform anaerobic respiration.