A middle-aged woman reports irregular menses for six months. The nurse should assess for symptoms of:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: perimenopause. Perimenopause is the transitional period before menopause when a woman's body begins to produce less estrogen. This can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and other symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and mood changes. Assessing for symptoms of perimenopause in a woman reporting irregular menses for six months is appropriate as it aligns with the timing and characteristics of this phase. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Climacteric refers to the period of menopausal transition and is not specific to the symptoms mentioned in the scenario. B: Menopause is the cessation of menstrual periods for 12 consecutive months and is not typically associated with irregular menses. D: Postmenopause is the period after menopause has been established for at least 12 months and irregular menses would not be expected during this phase.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because breast implants can hinder mammography by obscuring the view of breast tissue, making it difficult to detect abnormalities like masses. This is due to the implants blocking the x-ray machine's view. Choice A is incorrect as discomfort is not the primary reason for interference. Choice B is incorrect as breast implants are not a contraindication to mammography but can complicate the process. Choice C is incorrect as implants are designed to be secure and are not likely to be dislodged during a mammogram.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: cirrhosis. Cirrhosis leads to impaired liver function, causing the liver to be unable to effectively metabolize ammonia, leading to high ammonia levels in the blood. Renal failure (choice A) is associated with high creatinine levels, not ammonia. Psoriasis (choice B) is a skin condition unrelated to ammonia levels. Lupus (choice C) is an autoimmune disease affecting various organs, not directly linked to high ammonia levels. In summary, cirrhosis is the only condition among the options that directly impacts liver function and can lead to high ammonia levels in the blood.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Calling the physician shows respect for the client's request and ensures safety. 2. Consulting the physician is important to consider any potential contraindications. 3. Ginger is a common remedy for nausea and is safe for most pregnant individuals. 4. Collaborating with the physician ensures appropriate care for the client's specific needs. Summary of Incorrect Choices: - B: Dismissing home remedies may not align with the client's cultural beliefs or preferences. - C: Herbs can be effective and safe alternatives, and the client's request should be respected. - D: While dry crackers may help with nausea, they do not address the client's specific request for ginger.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing capillary refill indicates adequate blood flow, warm toes suggest good circulation, and no discomfort indicates proper alignment and fit of the cast. Choice B is incorrect as posterior tibial pulses are not directly related to cast assessment. Choice C is incorrect as moist skin and pain threshold are not specific to cast assessment. Choice D is incorrect as discomfort of the metacarpals is not a comprehensive assessment of a cast.