ATI RN
Nursing Care of the Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Questions
Question 1 of 5
A man is diagnosed with prostate cancer. What does the nurse need to know to be able to answer the man when he asks, "What are the chances I'll survive this thing?"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Case fatality rate. Case fatality rate indicates the proportion of individuals diagnosed with a specific condition who die from that condition within a specified time frame. In the context of prostate cancer, the case fatality rate will provide the man with an estimation of the likelihood of survival post-diagnosis. Rationale: 1. Attack rate (Choice A) is the proportion of individuals who develop a specific disease among those exposed to the disease within a defined time period. This does not provide information on survival chances. 2. Cause-specific morbidity rate (Choice C) refers to the prevalence of a specific disease in a population but does not indicate the likelihood of survival for an individual with the disease. 3. Crude mortality rate (Choice D) is the total number of deaths in a population due to any cause, not specific to prostate cancer. It does not provide insight into the survival chances of an individual with prostate cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is conducting a screening at the local high school, and all community residents have been invited. A large group of people have gathered to have various screening tests done. The nurse has only a regular blood pressure (BP) cuff. Since it will be used on individuals who are extremely obese as well as some students who look anorexic, what might the BP results lack?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reliability. The regular BP cuff may lack reliability in this scenario due to its size not being suitable for extremely obese individuals or very thin students. This can lead to inaccurate BP readings, affecting the reliability of the screening results. Sensitivity (B) refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the condition, specificity (C) refers to the ability to correctly identify those without the condition, and validity (D) refers to the overall accuracy of the test. In this case, the main issue lies in the reliability of the BP cuff for different body types, making it the most appropriate choice.
Question 3 of 5
A woman is sitting in a corner of the clinical waiting room, crying audibly. The nurse asks, "What's wrong? Can I help?" The woman responds, "They just told me I have a positive mammogram and I need to see my doctor for follow-up tests. I know I'm going to die of cancer. How can I tell my family?" What does the nurse need to know in order to help the woman cope with her news?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The positive predictive value of mammography. The nurse needs to understand the likelihood that a positive mammogram result truly indicates cancer in this specific patient. By knowing the positive predictive value, the nurse can provide accurate information and support to the woman. Choice A is incorrect because the negative predictive value is not relevant in this scenario. Choice C is incorrect as the reliability of mammography does not address the woman's immediate emotional distress. Choice D is incorrect as the validity of mammography does not directly help the nurse in supporting the woman's emotional needs.
Question 4 of 5
Two women seem to agree on almost everything from favorite music to favorite media stars to the best way to prepare a meal. What might help explain this similarity in the two women?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: B: They are close friends - This is the correct answer because close friends often share similar interests and values due to spending a significant amount of time together, influencing each other's preferences. A: They are both members of the same birth cohort - Being born in the same time period does not necessarily explain their similarities in preferences. C: They attended the same school - Attending the same school may not directly lead to similarities in preferences unless they were close friends during that time. D: They both go to the same church - Sharing the same religious affiliation does not necessarily explain their similarities in other aspects of life.
Question 5 of 5
A teacher recommends that surveys to obtain data on drug use be given to high school students when they meet for various school organizations. Why would the nurse reject this suggestion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Would result in selection bias. Giving surveys only to high school students who are part of school organizations would lead to selection bias because the sample would not be representative of the entire student population. This bias could skew the results and make them less generalizable. A: Classification bias is not relevant in this context as it pertains to errors in categorizing individuals. B: Confounding bias occurs when an extraneous variable influences the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, which is not applicable in this scenario. C: Personal bias involves individual opinions or beliefs affecting data collection or interpretation, but it is not the primary concern in this case. In summary, selecting only students from school organizations would introduce selection bias, making the survey results unreliable for generalizing to the entire student body.