A man has been searching for an aphrodisiac or some other agent to enhance 'sexual performance' discovers yohimbine. He consumes the drug in excess and develops symptoms of toxicity that require your intervention. Which of the following should you expect as a response to this drug?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Yohimbine is a known alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist, leading to increased sympathetic activity and consequently, hypertension. This occurs due to increased norepinephrine release and vasoconstriction. Bradycardia (A) is unlikely as yohimbine usually causes tachycardia. Bronchoconstriction (B) is not a common effect of yohimbine. Excessive secretions by exocrine glands (C) are not associated with yohimbine toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Hemorrhagic shock. Dopamine is a medication that acts as a vasopressor, primarily used in the treatment of conditions like shock where there is inadequate blood flow to vital organs. Option A) Parkinsonism is incorrect because dopamine is not typically used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Medications like levodopa are more commonly prescribed. Option C) Acute attack of bronchial asthma is incorrect because dopamine does not play a significant role in the management of asthma exacerbations. Bronchodilators like albuterol are the mainstay of treatment. Option D) Acute attack of psychosis is incorrect because dopamine antagonists, not dopamine agonists like dopamine itself, are used in the management of psychotic disorders. Educationally, understanding the specific pharmacological actions and indications of medications like dopamine is crucial in clinical practice. This question highlights the importance of knowing the appropriate use of medications to provide effective patient care and avoid potential adverse effects.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Salbutamol. Salbutamol is a selective β2 adrenoceptor agonist. It has a higher affinity for β2 receptors compared to β1 receptors, leading to bronchodilation without significant effects on the heart. A: Adrenaline and C: Isoprenaline stimulate both β1 and β2 receptors, causing increased heart rate and bronchodilation. B: Noradrenaline stimulates α1, α2, and β1 receptors, leading to vasoconstriction and increased heart rate. Therefore, salbutamol is the only drug that selectively stimulates β2 adrenoceptors, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diarrhea. Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that typically causes dry mouth, tachycardia, and blurred vision as side effects due to its mechanism of blocking acetylcholine receptors. However, diarrhea is not a common side effect of atropine. It is important to differentiate the expected side effects of a drug from those that are not commonly associated with it based on its pharmacological actions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone that activates the fight-or-flight response. It causes bronchial muscle relaxation (A), increases cardiac contractility (B), and increases sweat secretion (D) to prepare the body for action. However, adrenaline inhibits intestinal motility (C) to conserve energy for vital functions during stressful situations. Therefore, the correct answer is C because adrenaline does not increase intestinal motility. Relaxation of bronchial muscle, increased cardiac contractility, and increased sweat secretion are all effects of adrenaline, making choices A, B, and D incorrect, respectively.