A man arrives at the emergency department on a ventilator after an accident. He is brain dead by all criteria. He has an organ-donor card in his wallet indicating his desire to donate. The organ-donor team contacts the family. The family refuses to sign consent for the donation. What should be done?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Although the organ-donor card indicates the patient's wish to donate his organs, it is still unacceptable to harvest organs against the direct wish of the family. If we were to overrule the family, then there would be no point in asking them to consent. Why ask consent for donation, if we would take the organs anyway even if they said no? The organ-donor card is an indication of the patient's wishes but it is not fully binding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is option C: "Medication tasks she or he has been trained to do by the Nurse-Trainer." This option is the most appropriate because authorized staff should only perform medication administration duties that they have been specifically trained for by a qualified Nurse-Trainer. This ensures that they have the necessary knowledge and skills to carry out these tasks safely and effectively, promoting patient safety and preventing medication errors. Option A is incorrect because staff should not perform any medication-related activity simply because it was requested by a physician. It is essential for staff to have the appropriate training and competence to carry out medication administration tasks. Option B is also incorrect because staff should not administer medications based solely on the request of the individual being served. This could lead to inappropriate medication administration and potential harm to the patient. Option D is incorrect as well because staff should not perform medication tasks based on training received from another unlicensed staff person. The training should come from a qualified Nurse-Trainer to ensure that staff are following evidence-based practices and guidelines. In an educational context, it is crucial to emphasize the importance of proper training and competency in medication administration. Nurses and healthcare staff need to continuously update their knowledge and skills through formal training programs and continuing education to provide safe and effective care to patients. Following standardized protocols and guidelines for medication administration helps prevent errors and ensures patient well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of medication administration, especially in a healthcare setting like nursing, knowing any dietary restrictions a patient has is crucial. Option A, which states "TRUE," is the correct answer. Understanding dietary restrictions is essential because certain foods can interact with medications, affecting their efficacy or safety. For example, some medications can have reduced effectiveness or adverse effects if taken with specific foods. Monitoring food intake allows healthcare providers to ensure that patients are not inadvertently compromising the effectiveness of their medications or putting themselves at risk of harmful interactions. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because disregarding dietary restrictions can lead to serious consequences. Without knowledge of a patient's dietary restrictions, healthcare providers may unknowingly administer medications in a way that could be harmful or less effective. This lack of awareness can compromise patient safety and care outcomes. In a clinical setting like the NCLEX, understanding the impact of dietary restrictions on medication administration is vital for providing safe and effective care to patients. Educationally, grasping the importance of dietary restrictions in medication administration enhances a nurse's ability to deliver patient-centered care. It underscores the interconnectedness of medication management and holistic patient assessment, emphasizing the need for comprehensive knowledge and attention to detail in nursing practice. By recognizing the significance of dietary considerations, nurses can optimize medication outcomes and promote patient well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) buccal. Buccal administration involves placing medication between the cheek and gum, allowing it to be absorbed through the mucous membranes in the cheek. This route provides direct access to the bloodstream, allowing for rapid absorption of the medication. Option B) injection is incorrect because injection involves introducing medication directly into the body through a needle and is not related to buccal administration. Option C) subcutaneous is incorrect as it involves administering medication into the fatty tissue layer beneath the skin, not through the cheek mucosa. Option D) sublingual is incorrect because sublingual administration involves placing medication under the tongue for absorption, not in the cheek. Educational Context: Understanding the various routes of medication administration is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective patient care. Buccal administration is a convenient and effective route for certain medications that require rapid absorption. By knowing the specifics of each route, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding the most appropriate way to administer medications based on the patient's needs. In conclusion, mastering the concept of buccal administration is essential for success on the NCLEX and in clinical practice. This knowledge allows nurses to accurately administer medications and optimize patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) anticoagulant. Aspirin is not only a common pain reliever and fever reducer but also possesses anticoagulant properties. This means that it can help prevent blood clots from forming by inhibiting the aggregation of platelets. This property makes aspirin beneficial in conditions where clot formation needs to be prevented, such as in individuals with a history of heart attacks or strokes. Option A) infection is incorrect because aspirin is not typically used to treat infections. Antibiotics or antiviral medications are more appropriate for treating infections. Option B) seizures is incorrect because aspirin is not indicated for managing seizures. Anti-epileptic drugs are the primary treatment for seizure disorders. Option C) upset stomach is incorrect because aspirin can actually irritate the stomach lining and worsen stomach issues. It is not recommended for individuals with gastrointestinal problems. Educationally, understanding the multiple uses of medications like aspirin is crucial for healthcare professionals. It highlights the importance of knowing the pharmacological properties of drugs and their various therapeutic applications. This knowledge is essential for accurate medication administration, patient education, and ensuring optimal patient outcomes. Nurses and other healthcare providers must be well-versed in the indications, contraindications, and potential side effects of medications to make informed clinical decisions.