ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male patient with blood type AB, Rh factor positive needs a blood transfusion. The Transfusion Service (blood bank) sends type O, Rh factor negative blood to the unit for the nurse to infuse into this patient. The nurse knows that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type O, Rh-negative blood is considered the universal donor blood and is compatible with all blood types, including AB-positive. This makes it a safe choice in emergencies or when the patient's blood type is unknown. Premedication with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen is not necessary for compatibility but may be used to prevent allergic reactions or fever. Therefore, the nurse can confidently administer this blood product.
Question 2 of 5
A male patient has been started on a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like finasteride for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) require condom use during intercourse because the drug, present in semen, poses a teratogenic risk to a pregnant partner, potentially causing fetal abnormalities. Storing it securely protects children from exposure, as it's hazardous to developing systems. Blood donation is prohibited during and shortly after use due to residual drug in plasma, risking harm to recipients, especially pregnant women. Heavy exercise isn't restricted-activity doesn't alter its efficacy or safety. Condom use is a priority education point, directly addressing reproductive safety, a unique concern tied to its mechanism and pharmacokinetics.
Question 3 of 5
Which over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine combination contains an analgesic property?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Actifed Plus includes acetaminophen, an analgesic, unlike others (choices A, B, C). D distinguishes it, making it correct.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the only type of insulin that can be given IV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin is the only type of insulin that can be given intravenously (IV) due to its short onset of action. When administered IV, regular insulin can act quickly to control blood sugar levels in emergency situations such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic crises. Other types of insulin, such as NPH, long-acting, or rapid-acting insulins, are not suitable for IV administration as they have different pharmacokinetic properties and are designed for subcutaneous use.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse administers IV mannitol to a client with cerebral edema. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, reduces cerebral edema by drawing fluid into the vasculature, excreted via urine. Monitoring urine output ensures efficacy and prevents fluid overload or renal strain, critical in brain injury. BP and pupils matter but follow diuresis. Temperature is unrelated. Urine output aligns with mannitol's action, key in cerebral edema where ICP reduction hinges on fluid shift, making A the priority parameter.