ATI RN
foundation of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A male patient with a metastatic brain tumor is having a generalized seizure and begins vomiting. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a patient is experiencing a seizure and begins vomiting, the priority action for the nurse is to turn the patient onto their side. This position helps to prevent aspiration, which can occur when the patient inhales vomit into their lungs. Turning the patient on their side allows for the vomit to drain out of the mouth, reducing the risk of aspiration and maintaining a clear airway. Performing oral suctioning would be necessary after turning the patient on their side, but it is not the initial priority in this situation. Paging the physician and inserting a tongue depressor are not appropriate actions during a seizure and vomiting episode.
Question 2 of 9
The patient asks the nurse what these numbers specifically mean. What is a correct response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A person whose vision is measured at 20/40 can see an object from 40 feet away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 20 feet away. In this measurement system, the first number represents how far away the person is from the eye chart (the testing distance), and the second number indicates how far away a person with normal vision can be from the chart to see the same line of letters or objects. Therefore, if someone has 20/40 vision, it means they need to be at 20 feet to see what a person with 20/20 vision can see at 40 feet.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse, upon reviewing the history, discoversthe patient has dysuria. Which assessment finding is consistent with dysuria?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dysuria is defined as a burning or painful sensation during urination. It is a common symptom of various urinary tract infections and other conditions affecting the urinary system. Patients experiencing dysuria often describe a discomfort or burning sensation while passing urine. Therefore, the assessment finding consistent with dysuria is the presence of burning upon urination.
Question 4 of 9
A physician explains to the patient that he has an inflammation of the Cowper glands. Where are the Cowper glands located?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Cowper glands, also known as bulbourethral glands, are a pair of small exocrine glands located below the prostate gland, within the posterior aspect of the male urethra. These glands are responsible for producing a clear, viscous fluid that helps lubricate the urethra, neutralize acidic urine remnants, and provide a conducive environment for sperm to survive in the urethra. Inflammation of the Cowper glands can result in conditions such as urethritis or other discomfort related to the male reproductive system.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is part of the health care team at an oncology center. A patient has been diagnosed with leukemia and the prognosis is poor, but the patient is not yet aware of the prognosis. How can the bad news best be conveyed to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When delivering bad news to a patient, it is important to create an environment that is supportive, compassionate, and conducive to effective communication. Having the patient at eye level when discussing difficult information helps to establish a sense of equality and respect between the healthcare provider and the patient. This can increase the patient's comfort level and help them feel more connected and engaged in the conversation. Additionally, eye level communication allows for better non-verbal cues to be exchanged, such as eye contact and facial expressions, which are important for conveying empathy and understanding during such sensitive discussions. It is crucial for the patient to be met at eye level, both physically and emotionally, when discussing a poor prognosis like the diagnosis of leukemia.
Question 6 of 9
A nurse needs to begin discharge planning fora patient admitted with pneumonia and a congested cough. When is the besttime the nurse should start discharge planningfor this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best time for a nurse to start discharge planning for a patient admitted with pneumonia and a congested cough is upon admission. Starting discharge planning early allows the healthcare team to identify the patient's needs, plan for the appropriate level of care, and ensure a smooth transition out of the hospital. Waiting until right before discharge or after the congestion is treated may lead to rushed or incomplete planning, potentially compromising the patient's recovery and post-discharge care. Additionally, discharge planning is not dependent on the primary care provider writing an order, as nurses can initiate teaching and planning proactively to support the patient's optimal recovery and transition. By beginning discharge planning upon admission, the healthcare team can address any potential barriers to discharge and ensure the patient's needs are met for a successful recovery process.
Question 7 of 9
When planning care for an adolescent who plays sports, which modification should the nurse include in the care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When planning care for an adolescent who plays sports, it is important to provide adequate nutrition to meet their increased energy needs. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy, providing fuel for physical activity. Adolescents engaged in sports require a higher carbohydrate intake and should aim for 55% to 60% of their total daily kilocalories to support their activity levels. Carbohydrates are essential for providing energy during exercise, building and repairing muscles, and promoting overall performance. Increasing carbohydrate intake in the diet is a key modification to support the energy demands of an active adolescent involved in sports.
Question 8 of 9
A hospitalized patient with impaired vision must get a picture in his or her mind of the hospital room and its contents in order to mobilize independently and safely. What must the nurse monitor in the patients room?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is crucial for the nurse to monitor that all furniture remains in the same position in the hospitalized patient's room. For a patient with impaired vision who needs to create a mental picture of the room to mobilize independently and safely, any changes in the position of furniture can disrupt this mental map and potentially lead to accidents or falls. By ensuring that all furniture remains unchanged, the nurse supports the patient's ability to navigate the room confidently and without obstacles. This monitoring helps promote the patient's safety and independence during their stay in the hospital.
Question 9 of 9
A nurse uses SBAR when providing a hands-off report to the oncoming shift. What is the rationale for the nurse’s action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. It is a structured method of communication that healthcare providers use to effectively communicate important information about a patient. The use of SBAR helps ensure that all necessary details are communicated in a clear, concise, and systematic manner, reducing the risk of miscommunication and errors. By standardizing communication using SBAR, nurses can provide a comprehensive report during a shift change, promoting continuity of care and patient safety. Thus, the main rationale for a nurse using SBAR when providing a hands-off report is to standardize communication and improve the quality of patient care.