ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male patient receiving androgen therapy is concerned about the risk of prostate cancer. What should the nurse explain regarding this risk?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Finasteride has been shown to lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that works by decreasing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which can stimulate prostate growth. By reducing dihydrotestosterone levels, finasteride can help shrink the prostate gland and lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. Option B) Finasteride does not affect the risk of prostate cancer is incorrect because finasteride does indeed affect the risk by lowering it. Option C) Finasteride may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, so regular screenings are recommended is incorrect. This statement is inaccurate as finasteride has been shown to decrease the risk of prostate cancer. Option D) Finasteride has no effect on the risk of prostate cancer, so regular screenings are unnecessary is also incorrect. Regular screenings for prostate cancer are important for all males, regardless of finasteride use, but finasteride can actually help lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the pharmacological effects of medications like finasteride to provide accurate information to patients. By explaining the mechanism of action of finasteride and its role in reducing prostate cancer risk, nurses can help alleviate patient concerns and promote informed decision-making regarding their treatment options.
Question 2 of 5
A 10-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting wheezing and difficulty breathing. History reveals that both of the child's parents suffer from allergies. Which of the following terms would be used to classify the child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this case, the correct term to classify the child is 'Atopic.' Atopic individuals have a genetic predisposition to developing allergic conditions. 'Desensitized' refers to reduced sensitivity to an allergen, 'Hyperactive' relates to an exaggerated response, and 'Autoimmune' involves the immune system attacking its own cells, none of which accurately describe the child's classification based on the provided history.
Question 3 of 5
What action is specific to hormonal contraceptives and should be taught to this woman?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action specific to hormonal contraceptives that should be taught to the woman is that they alter cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration. This mechanism helps in preventing pregnancy by reducing the chances of sperm reaching the egg. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is inaccurate as hormonal contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation rather than increasing follicle-stimulating hormone release. Choice C is incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not activate the maturation of the endometrial lining; instead, they modify it to prevent implantation. Choice D is also incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not stimulate the pituitary gland to increase luteinizing hormone synthesis and release.
Question 4 of 5
A 74-year-old woman states that many of her peers underwent hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in years past. The woman asks the nurse why her primary care provider has not yet proposed this treatment for her. What fact should underlie the nurse's response to the woman?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the main reason HRT is not recommended for all women is due to the increased risks of stroke and breast cancer associated with its use. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the primary concerns regarding HRT use. HRT can indeed cause mood disturbances and may have effects on bone health, but the main concerns regarding its use revolve around the risks of stroke and breast cancer.
Question 5 of 5
On the advice of his brother, a 53-year-old man has made an appointment to request a prescription for Viagra. The nurse who works at the clinic is reviewing the man's medical history and would recognize what health problem as being prohibitive to this treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is contraindicated with Viagra due to their combined effects on lowering blood pressure, which can result in a severe drop and potentially life-threatening complications. Using both medications together can lead to hypotension, putting the patient at risk. Therefore, the presence of angina treated with nitroglycerin would make prescribing Viagra unsafe. Choices A, B, and D are not directly contraindicated with Viagra and can be managed concurrently with this treatment.