ATI RN
Endocrine System Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male infant is thought to have hypothyroidism because of a neonatal screening program that detected a low serum T4 level. His TSH level is normal. The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low T4 with normal TSH suggests thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) deficiency, a benign condition not affecting thyroid function.
Question 2 of 5
Features of Klinefelter syndrome include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) typically causes tall stature, not short stature.
Question 3 of 5
During a routine clinical visit, a healthy asymptomatic 6-year-old boy is found to have fasting blood glucose of 110 mg/dL; he has normal oral glucose tolerance test, no glycosuria, and HgbA1c of 6.4%. This child is MOST likely considered to have
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Impaired fasting glucose is defined as fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL with normal glucose tolerance, fitting this case. Normal OGTT rules out impaired glucose tolerance (B) and type 1 DM (D); HgbA1c of 6.4% is below diabetic range (E), and sporadic hyperglycemia (C) is not a standard diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
Measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) provides a mean for assessing long-term glycemic control for children with diabetes mellitus. In which of the following conditions this measurement is inaccurate for long-term glycemic control?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemoglobinopathies (e.g., sickle cell disease) alter hemoglobin structure, making HgbA1c unreliable for glycemic control. Other conditions (A, B, C, E) may affect glucose metabolism but not HgbA1c accuracy directly.
Question 5 of 5
A 12-year-old male adolescent is found to have short stature; lab tests and radiological study confirms idiopathic growth hormone (GH) deficiency. You decide to start treatment with biosynthetic recombinant DNA-derived GH. This adolescent is especially at high risk for development of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: GH therapy increases risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis in adolescents due to rapid growth plate changes. Pseudotumor cerebri (A) is rare, leukemia (B) link is debated, carpal tunnel (C) is adult-related, and diabetes (D) is not a primary risk.