ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male client suspected of having colorectal cancer will require which diagnostic study to confirm the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sigmoidoscopy. This diagnostic study is used to visualize the lower part of the colon and rectum, allowing for direct visualization of any abnormal growths or masses. It is an essential tool for diagnosing colorectal cancer as it can detect polyps or tumors. Stool Hematest (A) is used to detect blood in the stool but does not confirm the diagnosis. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (B) is a tumor marker that can be elevated in colorectal cancer but is not diagnostic by itself. Abdominal CT scan (D) can provide detailed images of the abdomen but is not as specific for diagnosing colorectal cancer as sigmoidoscopy.
Question 2 of 5
A female client tells nurse Nikki that she has been working hard for the last 3 months to control her type 2 diabetes mellitus with diet and exercise. To determine the effectiveness of the client's efforts, the nurse should check:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: glycosylated hemoglobin level. This test provides an average of blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months, reflecting the client's long-term glycemic control. It is a better indicator of overall diabetes management compared to other options. Urine glucose level (A) only provides a snapshot of glucose levels at the time of testing and is not a reliable long-term measure. Fasting blood glucose level (B) gives a point-in-time reading and may not reflect overall control. Serum fructosamine level (C) reflects average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 weeks, which is shorter than the timeframe needed to assess the client's 3-month efforts.
Question 3 of 5
After receiving a dose of penicillin, a client develops dyspnea and hypotension. Nurse Celestina suspects the client is experiencing anaphylactic shock. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer epinephrine, as prescribed, and prepare to intubate the client if necessary. In anaphylactic shock, immediate administration of epinephrine is crucial to reverse the severe allergic reaction. Intubation may be necessary to maintain airway patency in case of severe respiratory distress. Choice A is incorrect because paging an anesthesiologist and preparing for intubation should not be the first action; administering epinephrine takes precedence. Choice C is incorrect as administering an antidote for penicillin would not address the immediate life-threatening symptoms of anaphylactic shock. Choice D is incorrect as inserting a urinary catheter and infusing IV fluids are not the priority actions in managing anaphylactic shock.
Question 4 of 5
Nurse Sarah is caring for clients on the surgical floor and has just received report from the previous shift. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because chills in a post-op patient could indicate the presence of infection, which is a serious concern post-surgery. The nurse should see this client first to assess for signs of sepsis. Choice A is incorrect as the small area of dark drainage in a gunshot wound client doesn't indicate immediate danger. Choice B is incorrect as the amount of fluid in the drain post-mastectomy is within normal limits. Choice C is incorrect as the absence of drainage in a collapsed lung client isn't an immediate priority compared to potential signs of infection in choice D.
Question 5 of 5
Randy has undergone kidney transplant, what assessment would prompt Nurse Katrina to suspect organ rejection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Katrina would suspect organ rejection in Randy if she observes hypertension. Hypertension can indicate decreased kidney function due to rejection, leading to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Sudden weight loss (A) is more likely due to other factors like poor appetite or stress. Polyuria (B) is excessive urination and not directly related to kidney rejection. Shock (D) is a severe and life-threatening condition that may occur in cases of severe rejection, but hypertension is a more common and early indicator.