A male client recently underwent a surgical procedure for a malignant tumor. As a result of the surgery, his urine is diverted to a stomal pouch. What should the nurse suggest so that he remains odor free.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Drinking cranberry juice can help decrease the odor of urine due to its acidic nature. The acid in cranberry juice can help neutralize odors in the urine, making it less noticeable. In contrast, consuming spicy foods (choice A) can actually increase the odor of urine. Similarly, choices C and D (eating eggs, asparagus, or cheese; drinking tea, coffee, and colas) can contribute to stronger-smelling urine due to the compounds they contain. Therefore, recommending cranberry juice to the male client with a stomal pouch is the most appropriate choice to help him remain odor-free.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for signs of neurologic impairment, such as confusion. This is because hypernatremia can lead to changes in mental status due to the hyperosmolarity of the blood affecting brain function. Assessing for confusion is crucial in identifying and managing hypernatremia promptly to prevent further complications. Dry skin, tachycardia, and pale coloring are not specific manifestations of hypernatremia and are less likely to be directly related to this electrolyte imbalance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Frequent oral care is important for overall oral health and cleanliness, but it will not directly help correct the patient's fluid imbalance. The patient's condition likely requires direct fluid replacement to address the fluid loss and restore balance. A, B, and D are focused on fluid replacement strategies which are more crucial in correcting the patient's condition. Offering a large amount of oral fluid intake to replace lost fluids, giving enteral or parenteral fluid, and giving small volumes of fluid at frequent intervals are all appropriate measures that can help correct the patient's condition by addressing the underlying fluid imbalance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring the client's temperature before, during, and after transfusion is essential to determine if chilling is the result of an emerging complication or of infusing cold blood. By consistently monitoring the client's temperature at different points in the transfusion process, healthcare providers can identify any significant changes that may indicate a complication. This allows for timely intervention and appropriate management of any issues related to the blood transfusion. Comparing the client's temperature with the temperature of the blood is important but alone it may not provide a comprehensive assessment of the client's condition during the transfusion process. So, the best course of action is to monitor the client's temperature at various time points to ensure accurate assessment and early detection of any complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Narcotic analgesics, when given in high doses, can depress the respiratory rate and cough reflex in patients. Laryngectomy patients have had their larynx removed and may already have compromised respiratory function. Therefore, giving narcotics in low doses helps to minimize the risk of further respiratory depression in these patients. It is important to closely monitor respiratory status when administering narcotics to laryngectomy patients to prevent potential complications.