ATI RN
Cardiovascular Conditions Pediatrics Test Bank Questions Free Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male client is recovering from an episode of urinary tract calculi. During discharge teaching, the client asks about the dietary restriction he should follow. In discussing fluid intake, the nurse should include which type of fluid limitation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Tea and hot chocolate. When a client is recovering from urinary tract calculi, especially if they were calcium oxalate stones, they should limit their intake of foods and drinks high in oxalates, such as tea and hot chocolate. Oxalates can contribute to the formation of these types of stones, so restricting them can help prevent recurrence. Option A, low-sodium soups, is not directly related to urinary tract calculi, so it is not the most appropriate choice. Option B, overall fluid intake, should not be limited as adequate hydration is important in preventing stone formation. Option D, citrus fruit juices, should not be restricted unless the client has a specific sensitivity to them. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate and relevant dietary information to clients recovering from urinary tract calculi to help prevent recurrence and promote optimal health. Understanding the impact of specific foods and fluids on the formation of stones is essential in guiding dietary recommendations.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse determines that a client who arrives in the preoperative holding area before surgery is allergic to bananas. Which action should the nurse implement prior to taking the client into the operative area?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action is to replace latex-containing devices in the operating room with alternate synthetic materials. This is crucial because the client has a known allergy to bananas, and individuals with latex allergies often have cross-reactivity with certain fruits like bananas due to shared allergenic proteins. Latex can be found in many medical devices, and exposure during surgery can lead to a severe allergic reaction in sensitive individuals. Option B, administering an antihistamine before surgery, is not the most appropriate action in this situation. While antihistamines can help manage allergic symptoms, preventing exposure to latex is the priority to avoid a potential life-threatening reaction. Option C, notifying the surgeon about the client's banana allergy, is important but does not directly address the risk of latex exposure in the operating room. It is essential for the surgical team to be aware of all allergies, but the nurse must also take immediate action to prevent latex exposure. Option D, preparing to administer an epinephrine injection during surgery, is a reactive measure and should not be the primary strategy. Preventing exposure to the allergen is key in managing allergies effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of thorough assessment, patient safety, and knowledge of common allergens in healthcare settings. Understanding cross-reactivity between latex and certain fruits is crucial for nurses to provide safe care and prevent adverse events in allergic individuals.
Question 3 of 5
A woman who works as a data entry clerk is concerned as to how recent diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is going to affect her job performance. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Use a space heater to keep the workspace warm. Raynaud's syndrome is a condition characterized by vasospasms in response to cold or stress, leading to reduced blood flow to extremities like fingers and toes. Keeping the workspace warm can help prevent triggering vasospasms and alleviate symptoms. Option B) Keeping hands elevated above the heart does not directly address the issue of cold-induced vasospasms in Raynaud's syndrome, so it is not the best instruction for this client. Option C) Wearing tight gloves during work can potentially worsen symptoms by restricting blood flow further, making this option incorrect for managing Raynaud's syndrome. Option D) While taking breaks can help improve circulation, it may not be as effective as maintaining a warm workspace in preventing vasospasms in Raynaud's syndrome. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide evidence-based instructions to clients with Raynaud's syndrome to help them manage their condition effectively and maintain optimal job performance. Educating patients on environmental modifications, like using a space heater, can empower them to make informed decisions to improve their quality of life.
Question 4 of 5
On assessment of a child admitted with a diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute phase of the disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the acute phase of Kawasaki Disease, conjunctival hyperemia is a key clinical manifestation. This is because Kawasaki Disease is characterized by systemic vasculitis affecting medium-sized arteries, including the coronary arteries. Conjunctival hyperemia, along with other symptoms like rash, fever, and mucous membrane changes, are indicative of the inflammatory process affecting the blood vessels in the eyes. Option A, cracked lips, is a common finding in conditions like dehydration or vitamin deficiencies but is not specific to Kawasaki Disease. Option B, normal appearance, is unlikely in a child with Kawasaki Disease due to the systemic inflammation present. Option D, desquamation of the skin, typically occurs later in the subacute phase of the disease and is not a hallmark of the acute phase. Educationally, understanding the clinical manifestations of Kawasaki Disease is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing these signs early can lead to prompt treatment, which is essential in preventing complications such as coronary artery aneurysms. Nurses play a vital role in early identification and management of Kawasaki Disease, highlighting the importance of knowledge in assessing and caring for children with this condition.
Question 5 of 5
A child with rheumatic fever is being admitted to the pediatric floor. On admission assessment, the nurse should ask the parents which question to elicit assessment information specific to the development of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) “Did your child have a sore throat or fever within the last 2 months?” This question is crucial in assessing the potential development of rheumatic fever because it is often preceded by a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection, such as strep throat. Rheumatic fever typically occurs 2-4 weeks after an untreated or inadequately treated strep throat infection. Therefore, recent history of sore throat or fever is significant in identifying the possible cause of rheumatic fever in the child. Option A) “Has your child complained of back pain?” is incorrect because back pain is not a typical symptom associated with rheumatic fever. Option B) “Has your child complained of headaches?” is incorrect as headaches are also not specific to rheumatic fever and do not directly relate to its development. Option C) “Has your child had any nausea or vomiting?” is incorrect as these symptoms are not typically associated with rheumatic fever. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the link between streptococcal infections and the development of rheumatic fever in pediatric patients. By asking targeted questions related to potential preceding infections, nurses can gather crucial information to aid in the prompt diagnosis and management of rheumatic fever in children.