A lot of pyoinflammatory processes in oral cavity are caused by anaerobes. What nutrient medium can be used for control of wound textile contamination by anaerobes?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Kitt-Tarozzi. This medium contains blood and hemin, which are essential nutrients for the growth of anaerobes. Blood provides a source of iron, while hemin stimulates the growth of anaerobes. This combination creates an environment conducive for the isolation and identification of anaerobic organisms. B: Endo and C: Roux are selective media primarily used for the isolation of gram-negative bacteria and not specifically designed for anaerobes. D: Sabouraud's is a medium used for the cultivation of fungi, not anaerobes. In summary, Kitt-Tarozzi is the correct choice due to its specific nutrient composition that supports the growth of anaerobes, unlike the other options which are not suitable for this purpose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Staphylococci are gram-positive bacteria that typically arrange in clusters resembling a bunch of grapes. This characteristic morphology is specific to staphylococci due to their division pattern. Sarcina, Tetracocci, and Candida fungi do not exhibit this clustering pattern. Staphylococci are commonly associated with purulent infections, making them the most likely microorganisms in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blockaders of protein synthesis because antibiotics in this group target bacterial ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis. This disrupts bacterial growth and replication. Choice B is incorrect as cell wall synthesis inhibitors target a different bacterial component. Choice C is incorrect as antibiotics do not alter bacterial cytoplasm. Choice D is incorrect as antibiotics do fall into different categories based on their mechanism of action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Propionibacterium acnes. This bacterium plays a key role in acne formation by colonizing hair follicles, leading to inflammation and acne lesions. It produces fatty acids that contribute to the development of acne. Staphylococcus aureus (A) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (B) are not directly linked to acne. Streptococcus pyogenes (C) is associated with skin infections but not acne. In summary, Propionibacterium acnes is the primary bacterium responsible for acne due to its ability to induce inflammation and follicular blockages.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Streptococcus pneumoniae. This bacterium is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in adults. It is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is known for its ability to infect the respiratory tract and cause inflammation in the lungs leading to pneumonia. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, not pneumonia. Escherichia coli is associated with urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal illnesses, not pneumonia. Clostridium botulinum causes botulism, a severe form of food poisoning, but not pneumonia. Therefore, the correct choice is Streptococcus pneumoniae as it is specifically known for causing pneumonia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thayer-Martin agar. This selective media contains antibiotics that inhibit the growth of other organisms while allowing Neisseria gonorrhoeae to grow. The antibiotics in Thayer-Martin agar include vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, and trimethoprim, which target different types of bacteria, ensuring the isolation of N. gonorrhoeae. Phenylethyl alcohol agar (A) is used to isolate gram-positive organisms, not N. gonorrhoeae. MacConkey agar (C) is selective for gram-negative enteric bacteria. Mannitol salt agar (D) is used for isolating Staphylococcus species based on their ability to ferment mannitol.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for choice C (Strep. pneumoniae): 1. Strep. pneumoniae is a common cause of bacterial meningitis. 2. It is a leading pathogen responsible for meningitis in adults and children. 3. It can invade the bloodstream and reach the meninges, causing inflammation. 4. Treatment guidelines often include antibiotics effective against Strep. pneumoniae. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A. Staph. aureus is not a common cause of meningitis. B. Strep. pyogenes typically causes streptococcal infections but not meningitis. D. "None of the above" is incorrect as Strep. pneumoniae can cause meningitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Presence of gram-negative bacilli suggests Enterobacteriaceae family, which includes E. coli. 2. Green soluble pigment indicates pyocyanin production, characteristic of E. coli. 3. E. coli is the most common cause of acute cystitis due to its ability to colonize the urinary tract. Summary: A: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not typically associated with acute cystitis and does not produce mucous colonies. B: Klebsiella pneumoniae may cause UTIs, but does not produce green pigment and is less common than E. coli. D: Salmonella enteritidis is associated with gastrointestinal infections, not cystitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sugar meat pepton broth, sugar meat pepton agar. These nutrient media are optimal for Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultivation due to their ability to support the growth of this bacterium. Sugar meat pepton broth provides a liquid medium with essential nutrients, while sugar meat pepton agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth and isolation. Incorrect choices: A: Diphtheriae does not require specific conditions for cultivation. C: Salt egg yolk agar is not commonly used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. D: Endomedium and Ploskirev medium are not standard media for diphtheria testing.