ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H O than an isotonic solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypertonic solution as having a higher solute concentration. Step 2: Define isotonic solution as having equal solute concentrations. Step 3: Hypertonic solution has lower water concentration due to higher solute concentration. Step 4: Therefore, A is TRUE: Hypertonic solution has higher solute concentration and lower water concentration. Summary: B is incorrect because hypertonic solution does have higher solute concentration. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 2 of 5
If a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Alkalaemia refers to an elevated blood pH level, indicating alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by excessive alkalinity in body fluids. Alkalosis can result from various factors such as hyperventilation or excessive loss of acids. Therefore, if a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well. The other choices are incorrect because they do not provide a logical explanation or rationale for the relationship between alkalaemia and alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
The phosphate and bicarbonate buffering systems are both effective buffers in the ECF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The phosphate buffering system works in the kidney and is effective in regulating blood pH. The bicarbonate buffering system operates in the blood and helps maintain acid-base balance. Both systems are important for buffering extracellular fluid. Other choices are incorrect because they do not provide a valid response to the question.
Question 4 of 5
The major source of H+ in the body fluids is the carbonic acid generated from metabolic production of CO .
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The major source of H+ in the body fluids is not carbonic acid from CO2, but rather metabolic processes generating H+ ions directly or through the dissociation of other acids. CO2 is converted to carbonic acid as part of the bicarbonate buffer system, which helps regulate pH but is not the primary source of H+ ions. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect as explained above. Options C and D are not applicable as they are not choices related to the question.
Question 5 of 5
The kidneys secrete additional H+ and conserve HCO - to compensate for increased H+ concentration in the body fluids.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the statement aligns with the physiological process of renal compensation in response to increased acidity in the body. The kidneys secrete more H+ ions and conserve HCO3- to help maintain the body's pH within a normal range. This process helps to regulate acid-base balance. Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the known function of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide any relevant information to address the question.