ATI RN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A hospitalized Native American patient tells the nurse that later in the day a medicine man from his tribe is coming to perform a healing ceremony to return his world to balance. What should the nurse recognize about this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B is the correct choice because it acknowledges the importance of cultural and spiritual beliefs in healthcare. As a nurse, it is crucial to recognize and respect the diverse cultural practices and beliefs of patients. For this Native American patient, the healing ceremony conducted by the medicine man is a traditional ritual that holds significant spiritual meaning and can contribute to the patient's overall well-being and healing process. Option A is incorrect because it makes assumptions about the patient's religious beliefs based on the information provided. It is not about adhering to an organized religion but rather about meeting the patient's spiritual needs through his cultural practices. Option D is also incorrect as it disregards the value and significance of traditional healing rituals in the patient's cultural context. It is essential for healthcare providers to understand and support patients in incorporating their cultural and spiritual beliefs into their care to promote holistic healing. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of cultural competence in nursing practice. Nurses must be sensitive to patients' diverse cultural backgrounds and beliefs to provide patient-centered care that respects and incorporates their cultural practices into the healthcare plan. Understanding and supporting patients' spiritual needs can positively impact their health outcomes and overall well-being.
Question 2 of 5
What is an example of a pertinent negative finding during a physical examination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding pertinent negative findings during a physical examination is crucial as it helps in ruling out potential differential diagnoses. In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Chest pain that does not radiate to the arm. This is a pertinent negative finding because chest pain that radiates to the arm is a classic symptom of a myocardial infarction. By not radiating to the arm, it helps differentiate the pain from a cardiac origin. Option B) Elevated blood pressure in a patient with hypertension is not a pertinent negative finding as elevated blood pressure is expected in patients with hypertension. It does not provide valuable information in ruling out other conditions. Option C) Pupils that are equal and react to light and accommodation are normal findings during a physical examination. While important for assessing neurological function, this does not relate directly to the presence or absence of a specific condition. Option D) Clear and full lung sounds in a patient with chronic bronchitis is not a pertinent negative finding. Lung sounds can be clear in chronic bronchitis, and abnormal lung sounds would be more indicative of a complication or exacerbation. Educationally, understanding pertinent negative findings aids in clinical decision-making and enhances critical thinking skills. It allows healthcare professionals to interpret examination findings accurately, leading to better patient care and outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment tools can be used to assess the cardiac system (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and adult medical-surgical care, the correct assessment tool to evaluate the cardiac system is the percussion hammer (Option D). This tool is used to elicit reflexes and assess the heart's size and borders by percussing the chest. The other options (A) Watch, (B) Stethoscope, and (C) Ophthalmoscope are not appropriate tools for assessing the cardiac system. A watch is used to measure heart rate but not to assess the overall cardiac system. A stethoscope is commonly used to auscultate heart sounds and murmurs, not for percussion. An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the eyes, not the cardiac system. Educationally, understanding the appropriate assessment tools is crucial for accurate patient evaluation and diagnosis in adult medical-surgical settings. By knowing which tools to use, healthcare professionals can provide effective care and make informed decisions regarding pharmacological interventions for cardiac conditions.
Question 4 of 5
The following data are organized according to Gordon’s functional health patterns.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, option A, the 78-year-old woman, is the correct choice based on Gordon’s functional health patterns. Gordon's model encompasses various aspects of an individual's health, including cognitive and sensory-perceptual patterns, which are crucial in older adults. As individuals age, they are more likely to experience changes in vision and hearing, which can impact their overall health and well-being. This 78-year-old woman's age puts her at higher risk for these changes, making it important to assess her sensory functions. Option B, having grown children who live out of town, and option C, caring for an invalid husband with help, do not directly address sensory-perceptual patterns as required by Gordon's model. While social support and caregiving responsibilities are important considerations in a holistic health assessment, they are not the focus of this particular question. Option D, having vision corrected with glasses and normal hearing, may seem relevant to sensory-perceptual patterns, but the age of the individual in option A makes her more likely to experience age-related changes in vision and hearing, warranting closer assessment in these areas. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding and applying Gordon's functional health patterns in assessing patients comprehensively. By recognizing the relevance of each pattern to different patient populations, nurses can provide more individualized and effective care, especially for older adults who may have specific health needs related to aging.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a breast biopsy positive for cancer tells the nurse that she has been using information from the Internet to try to make a decision about her treatment choices. In counseling the patient, the nurse knows that (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answers are 'the patient should be taught how to identify reliable and accurate information available online' and 'the patient should be encouraged to use sites established by universities, the government, or reputable health organizations, such as the American Cancer Society, to access reliable information.' These options promote the use of credible sources while discouraging reliance on potentially unreliable information.