A hospitalized diabetic patient received 38 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM. At 1:00 PM, the patient has been away from the nursing unit for 2 hours, missing the lunch delivery while awaiting a chest x-ray. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. It is essential to maintain the patient's blood glucose levels to prevent hypoglycemia. Since the patient missed lunch, returning them to the unit to eat ensures timely access to food for glycemic control. This action addresses the immediate need for nutrition and glucose intake. A: Saving the lunch tray is not immediate and does not address the patient's current hypoglycemia risk. B: Starting a dextrose IV is an option for severe hypoglycemia, not for preventing it in this scenario. C: Sending milk or orange juice may help raise blood sugar but does not address the need for a complete meal to prevent hypoglycemia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an increase in cultural diversity in both the patient population and nursing staff can lead to challenges in communication, understanding beliefs and practices, and providing culturally competent care. This can impact patient outcomes and require nurse managers to address cultural competence training and policies. Choice A (nursing shortage) is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the challenge of cultural diversity. Choice B (lack of cultural sensitivity training) may contribute to the challenge but is not the primary reason. Choice C (80% of nursing staff from minority groups) is incorrect as it presents a specific statistic without addressing the broader implications of cultural diversity in both patients and staff.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: For phenytoin, saying they can stop once seizures stop needs teaching, not gum care, alcohol, or rash. Phenytoin's lifelong often stopping risks rebound seizures. Gums bleed from overgrowth, alcohol interacts, rashes signal Stevens-Johnson. Leadership corrects this imagine a fit; it ensures adherence, aligning with epilepsy care effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Unlicensed assistive personnel. Nurse extenders are typically nursing assistants or other unlicensed staff who provide basic patient care under the supervision of registered nurses. They help alleviate the workload during staffing shortages but do not have the same level of education and training as licensed nurses. Float RNs (A) are registered nurses who work in various units as needed. LPNs (C) are licensed practical nurses who have more training than nursing assistants. Agency nurses (D) are temporary nurses hired from external agencies. Unlicensed assistive personnel best fit the description of nurse extenders due to their role in providing direct patient care under supervision.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Negligence. Negligence involves a breach of duty of care that results in harm or injury to another person. In this scenario, the RN failed to check on the patient for several hours despite administering insulin and knowing the patient's condition. This failure to provide proper monitoring and care directly led to the patient becoming unresponsive with critically low blood glucose levels. Choice A, quasi-intentional tort, involves intentional actions that result in harm, which is not applicable in this scenario. Choice B, misdemeanor, refers to a criminal offense of a lesser degree, not a charge that would typically apply to this situation. Choice D, juvenile offense, is not relevant as the RN's actions are not related to the age of the individual involved.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Controlling. The nurse manager comparing actual results with projected results is part of the controlling function of budgeting. Controlling involves monitoring performance against the budget to identify any variations and taking corrective actions if necessary. Variable budgeting focuses on adjusting the budget based on different levels of activity, not comparing actual vs. projected results. Revenue sharing pertains to distributing revenues among different entities. Incremental budgeting involves making small adjustments to the previous budget without a thorough review like in controlling. Thus, the comparison of actual vs. projected results aligns with the controlling function of budgeting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Callous doesn't fit supporters, unlike nurturing, sensitive, or caring. Nurse managers value supporters like empathetic RNs contrasting with harshness. It's critical in healthcare for morale, aligning leadership with team support.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In DKA 6 hours into treatment, blood glucose 80 mg/dL demands immediate intervention, not ketones, ABGs, or urine output. DKA starts with hyperglycemia; dropping to 80 risks hypoglycemia insulin needs adjustment, fluids may shift to dextrose. Ketones linger, ABGs show mild acidosis (expected), and high output reflects rehydration. Leadership acts here imagine confusion setting in; swift glucose correction prevents seizures. This reflects nursing's vigilance in metabolic crises, ensuring safe DKA resolution effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of patient education is to empower patients to take control of their health. This helps them make informed decisions, manage their conditions effectively, and improve their overall well-being. By educating patients, healthcare providers enable them to actively participate in their own care, leading to better health outcomes. Choice A (To enhance clinical skills) is incorrect as patient education focuses on empowering patients rather than improving the skills of healthcare providers. Choice B (To ensure patient safety) is also incorrect as while patient education contributes to patient safety, the primary goal is to empower patients to manage their health. Choice D (To improve patient compliance) is not the primary goal of patient education, although improved compliance may be an outcome of patient empowerment.