A hospitalized child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome is receiving high doses of prednisone. Which is an appropriate nursing goal related to this?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the presence of edema due to loss of protein in the urine. One of the nursing goals in managing a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome receiving high doses of prednisone is to monitor for the development or worsening of edema. Detecting evidence of edema is important as it can help in assessing the effectiveness of treatment, such as monitoring the response to prednisone therapy and adjusting the treatment plan accordingly. Monitoring for edema can also help in preventing complications associated with fluid overload, such as hypertension and respiratory distress. Therefore, detecting evidence of edema is an appropriate nursing goal in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aniridia and hemihypertrophy are features of WAGR syndrome, which increases the risk of Wilms tumor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct concept that should be reinforced in the teaching plan is to systematically rotate injection sites. Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipodystrophy - changes in fat tissue due to repeated injections in the same spot. This can ensure that the insulin is properly absorbed and prevent complications. It is important for the child and their family to understand the importance of rotating injection sites to maintain good insulin absorption and reduce the risk of complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Statement A is incorrect because hepatitis A is not caused by an RNA virus of the enterovirus family. Instead, hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), which belongs to the Picornaviridae family. Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, usually through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. Additionally, hepatitis A can be transmitted through close personal contact and sexual contact. While hepatitis A occurs worldwide, it is more prevalent in areas with poor sanitation and overcrowding.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. These bacterial infections are usually in the form of strep throat or scarlet fever. Rheumatic fever typically occurs 2-4 weeks after a streptococcal infection. The body's immune response to the streptococcal infection can lead to an autoimmune reaction, resulting in rheumatic fever. It is important to promptly diagnose and treat streptococcal infections to prevent the development of rheumatic fever.