ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A hormone that is significantly involved in regulation of blood volume is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates blood volume by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, increasing plasma volume. ACTH affects cortisol, and LH is reproductive; 'osmoretic hormone' is not a standard term.
Question 2 of 5
A client has a history of tricuspid stenosis, a narrowing of the tricuspid valve. The nurse knows that this valve prevents backflow of blood from the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle, preventing backflow into the atrium during ventricular contraction. Other options describe the pulmonic, mitral, and aortic valves, respectively. (Source: Document, p. 62, AV valves)
Question 3 of 5
The leukocyte that is not involved in phagocytosis but does secrete the anticoagulant heparin is the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Basophils release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine but are not phagocytic. Monocytes and eosinophils phagocytose pathogens, and lymphocytes are involved in adaptive immunity, not heparin secretion.
Question 4 of 5
The normal amount of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal hemoglobin is 13-16 g/dL (men: 13.5-17.5, women: 12-15.5), aligning with option B. Other values are either too high or too low for human norms.
Question 5 of 5
Peripheral vascular resistance can be best gauged by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) is best reflected by diastolic blood pressure, as it represents the baseline pressure maintained by arteriolar tone when the heart isn’t pumping. Pulse pressure reflects arterial elasticity, mean arterial pressure balances systole/diastole, and systolic pressure peaks with ventricular contraction, not resistance.