A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion co

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is

A. cortisol B. parathormone C. thymosin D. aldosterone

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aldosterone regulates sodium concentration by promoting its reabsorption in the kidneys.

Prolonged vomiting of the stomach's contents can result in

A. respiratory acidosis B. respiratory alkalosis C. metabolic acidosis D. metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vomiting loses acid, leading to metabolic alkalosis by increasing blood pH.

The normal pH range for most body fluids is

A. 7 to 8 B. 7.5 to 8 C. 7.25 to 7.75 D. 7.38 to 7.42

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Normal body fluid pH is tightly regulated between 7.38 and 7.42.

interstitial osmolarity allows urine to be concentrated.

A. High medullary B. Low medullary C. High cortex D. Low cortex

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: High medullary interstitial osmolarity drives water reabsorption to concentrate urine.

How do kidneys alter urine concentration?

A. Kidneys alter urine concentration by varying the amounts of water and sodium reabsorbed in the distal nephron. B. C. D.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Kidneys adjust urine concentration by modulating water and sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron based on hormonal signals.

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