ATI RN
Questions About the Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that produces actions similar to those that result from sympathetic stimulation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Norepinephrine (NE), secreted by the adrenal medulla, mimics sympathetic effects (e.g., increased heart rate). ACh is a neurotransmitter, receptors bind signals, and microtubules are structural.
Question 2 of 5
A neuroglial cell having a star shape that participates in brain development and the metabolism of neurotransmitters, helps form the blood-brain barrier, helps maintain the proper balance of K+ for generation of nerve impulses, and provides a link between neurons and blood vessels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Astrocytes are star-shaped CNS glia supporting neurotransmitter metabolism, blood-brain barrier, K+ balance, and neuron-vessel links. Neuroblastoma is a tumor, axon terminals are neuron parts, and sympathetic is a system.
Question 3 of 5
One of a variety of molecules within axon terminals that are released into the synaptic cleft in response to a nerve impulse and that change the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A neurotransmitter is released from axon terminals into the synaptic cleft, altering postsynaptic membrane potential. Epinephrine is a hormone, neurology is a field, and sympathetic is a system.
Question 4 of 5
Neuron that conducts impulses from the brain toward the spinal cord or out of the brain and spinal cord into cranial or spinal nerves to effectors that may be either muscles or glands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent) carry signals from the CNS to effectors (muscles, glands). Synapse is a junction, interneurons connect neurons, and sensory neurons are afferent.
Question 5 of 5
A graded potential that makes the membrane potential more negative, inhibiting an action potential.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A hyperpolarizing graded potential (e.g., IPSP) makes the membrane more negative, reducing the likelihood of an action potential. Depolarizing is excitatory, others are incorrect terms.