ATI RN
Professional Nursing Concepts and Challenges Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A home health nurse is admitting a new client to the agency who was recently discharged from the hospital with a new diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. What is the best way for the nurse to evaluate whether the client is able to set up and administer a nebulizer treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Direct observation of behavior is the best way for the nurse to evaluate whether the client is able to set up and administer a nebulizer treatment. By directly observing the client, the nurse can assess the client's understanding and ability in performing the necessary steps correctly and safely. This approach allows for real-time evaluation and correction if needed, ensuring that the client can effectively manage their nebulizer treatment at home. Written or oral descriptions may not accurately reflect the client's actual competency in performing the task, and relying on the client's self-report during a follow-up appointment may not provide a complete picture of their ability.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child born with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching regarding this defect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves four cardiac defects, as described in option B: pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta. These four defects result in mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood in the heart, leading to decreased oxygen levels in the blood that is pumped to the body. This characteristic results in cyanosis (blue discoloration of the skin). Providing accurate information about the specific defects involved in TOF helps parents understand the complexity and potential complications associated with their child's condition. This knowledge can aid in their ability to recognize symptoms and seek timely medical intervention when needed.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a group of clients. Which client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client recovering from knee replacement surgery has the greatest risk for developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Knee replacement surgery is a major orthopedic procedure that involves prolonged immobility and disruption of the normal blood flow in the lower extremities, which increases the risk of developing DVT. Postoperative patients are at a higher risk for developing blood clots due to reduced mobility, surgical trauma, and alterations in blood flow. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers to implement preventive measures to reduce the risk of DVT, such as early mobilization, compression stockings, and pharmacological prophylaxis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client during labor and delivery. Which condition should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placental abruption is the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery. This condition is a significant risk factor for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) because the sudden detachment can lead to massive internal bleeding. The release of large amounts of tissue factor from the placenta into the maternal circulation triggers widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the consumption of clotting factors and platelets. This uncontrolled activation of the clotting system can result in both excessive clot formation and bleeding, characteristic of DIC. Gestational diabetes, polyhydramnios, and placenta previa are not direct risk factors for DIC.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse instructs a client about the medication nifedipine (Procardia) for hypertension. Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Swelling of the ankles (edema) is a common side effect of nifedipine (Procardia), especially when starting the medication. However, it is important for the client to understand that while edema is a known side effect, it is not considered normal and should be monitored. The client should report any significant or concerning swelling to their healthcare provider. Options B, C, and D demonstrate good understanding of the medication and its management.