A healthcare provider is caring for a client who is prescribed Furosemide. Which of the following laboratory values should the healthcare provider monitor?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) due to increased potassium excretion in the urine. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, the healthcare provider should closely monitor the client's serum potassium levels when they are prescribed Furosemide.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Avoid salt substitutes. Rationale: 1. **Avoiding Salt Substitutes**: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). Salt substitutes often contain potassium chloride, so consuming them while on Lisinopril can elevate potassium levels to dangerous levels, leading to adverse effects such as arrhythmias. 2. **Why Others are Wrong**: - B) Taking Lisinopril at bedtime is not a specific instruction related to the medication's mechanism of action or potential side effects. - C) Increasing intake of potassium-rich foods is contraindicated as Lisinopril can already raise potassium levels. - D) Taking Lisinopril with food is generally acceptable, but it is not the most critical instruction compared to avoiding salt substitutes. 3. **Educational Context**: Educating patients about medication instructions is crucial to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes and prevent potential harm. In the case of Lisinopril, emphasizing the importance of avoiding salt substitutes can help patients manage their potassium levels effectively and avoid complications. Pharmacology education plays a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their health management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a client is prescribed Prednisone, there is a risk of potassium depletion due to the medication. Therefore, it is essential to increase the intake of potassium-rich foods such as bananas, oranges, and spinach to help maintain adequate potassium levels in the body and prevent complications associated with low potassium levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To verify trough levels of a medication, the healthcare professional should obtain a blood specimen immediately before administering the next dose of medication. This timing ensures an accurate representation of the medication's lowest concentration in the bloodstream, which is crucial for therapeutic monitoring and dose adjustments.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) 200 mL/hr. To determine the correct infusion rate, we first need to calculate the total volume of the medication to be infused over 30 minutes. The clindamycin injection is 200 mg in 100 mL, so the total volume to be infused is 100 mL. Since the infusion is over 30 minutes, we need to convert this time to hours (30 minutes = 0.5 hours). To find the rate in mL/hr, we divide the total volume by the time in hours: 100 mL / 0.5 hours = 200 mL/hr Option B) 150 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not reflect the correct calculation based on the total volume and infusion time provided. Option C) 100 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not consider the appropriate rate needed to infuse the total volume over 30 minutes. Option D) 250 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not align with the calculated rate required to infuse the medication correctly over the specified time frame. Educationally, understanding how to calculate infusion rates is crucial for healthcare professionals to ensure accurate medication administration and patient safety. It involves applying mathematical concepts to real-world clinical scenarios, emphasizing the importance of precise calculations in pharmacology practice.