Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To calculate the flow rate: (Volume in mL x Drop factor) / Time in minutes = Flow rate in gtt/min. In this case, (100 mL x 10 gtt/mL) / 45 min = 22 gtt/min. Therefore, the healthcare professional should adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver 22 gtt/min.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to hyperkalemia as an adverse effect. Hyperkalemia can result in muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias, making it essential for the nurse to monitor potassium levels closely when a client is on Spironolactone.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is essential to take Levodopa/Carbidopa with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Food helps decrease the likelihood of gastrointestinal upset that may occur when taking this medication. Instructing the client to take the medication with food promotes better tolerance and absorption of the drug.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is folic acid. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist, so instructing the client to take folic acid helps reduce the risk of methotrexate toxicity by providing additional folic acid that the medication may deplete.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause hyperglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's serum glucose levels closely to assess for elevated blood sugar levels.