A healthcare professional is preparing to administer Pamidronate to a client who has bone pain related to cancer. Which of the following precautions should the healthcare professional take when administering pamidronate?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "Assess the IV site for thrombophlebitis frequently during administration," is the correct precaution when administering Pamidronate to a client with bone pain related to cancer. Pamidronate is a bisphosphonate medication used to treat high blood calcium levels and bone problems that may occur with certain types of cancer. Bisphosphonates can irritate veins and cause inflammation, leading to thrombophlebitis. Monitoring the IV site for signs of thrombophlebitis is crucial to prevent complications and ensure the client's safety during administration. Option A, "Inspect the skin for redness and irritation when changing the intradermal patch," is incorrect as Pamidronate is not administered via an intradermal patch, so this precaution is irrelevant to its administration. Option C, "Instruct the client to sit upright or stand for 30 min following oral administration," is incorrect as Pamidronate is not typically administered orally. It is usually given intravenously, making this precaution unnecessary for this medication. Option D, "Watch for manifestations of anaphylaxis for 20 min after IM administration," is incorrect because Pamidronate is not typically administered intramuscularly. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can occur with any medication, but this precaution is not specific to Pamidronate administration in this case. Educationally, understanding the specific administration routes, side effects, and precautions associated with different medications is crucial for healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective patient care. By knowing the correct precautions for each medication, healthcare professionals can minimize risks and optimize treatment outcomes for their patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Propranolol is a beta-adrenergic antagonist that helps decrease heart rate and control tremors in individuals with Graves' disease. It does not increase blood flow to the thyroid gland (choice A), prevent excess glucose in the blood (choice B), or directly decrease thyroid hormone levels in the body (choice D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. A 17-year-old can receive the influenza vaccine via nasal spray (LAIV) even if they have a hypersensitivity to penicillin, as this is not a contraindication for the influenza immunization. Therefore, in this scenario, the 17-year-old with a hypersensitivity to penicillin is a candidate for the nasal spray vaccine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of a client with cancer prescribed methotrexate, the correct supplement to instruct the client to take is folic acid. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist, meaning it interferes with the body's ability to use folic acid. By supplementing with folic acid, the client can help counteract the drug's effects on folic acid levels in the body, reducing the risk of methotrexate toxicity and adverse effects. Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Iron are not the appropriate supplements for a client taking methotrexate. Magnesium supplementation may interfere with the absorption of methotrexate. Vitamin D and Iron do not directly address the specific mechanism of action of methotrexate in relation to folic acid metabolism. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind supplementing with folic acid in clients taking methotrexate is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective medication management for clients with cancer. It highlights the importance of considering drug-nutrient interactions and the role of supplements in supporting treatment outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Hot flashes. Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) commonly used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Hot flashes are a common adverse effect associated with estrogen-based medications like raloxifene. Leg cramps (Option A) are not typically associated with raloxifene use. Urinary frequency (Option C) is not a common adverse effect of raloxifene. Hair loss (Option D) is also not a known side effect of raloxifene. Educationally, it is important for students to understand the common adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective care to their patients. Understanding the side effects helps nurses in educating clients about what to expect and how to manage them. In the case of raloxifene, monitoring for hot flashes is crucial for patient education and care.