ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2016 Practice Exam A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is educating clients in an outpatient facility about the use of Insulin to treat type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. For which of the following types of insulin should the professional inform the clients to expect a peak effect 1 to 5 hr after administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular insulin, also known as short-acting insulin, typically exhibits a peak effect around 1 to 5 hours following administration. This rapid onset and peak effect make it suitable for managing postprandial glucose levels. In contrast, Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin with no pronounced peak effect, NPH insulin has an intermediate duration of action, and Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that peaks within 30 minutes to 2.5 hours after administration.
Question 2 of 5
A healthcare provider is caring for several clients who came to the clinic for a seasonal influenza immunization. The provider should identify that which of the following clients is a candidate to receive the vaccine via nasal spray rather than an injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A 17-year-old can receive the influenza vaccine via nasal spray (LAIV) even if they have a hypersensitivity to penicillin, as this is not a contraindication for the influenza immunization. Therefore, in this scenario, the 17-year-old with a hypersensitivity to penicillin is a candidate for the nasal spray vaccine.
Question 3 of 5
When teaching a client with cancer who has a prescription for methotrexate, which supplement should the nurse instruct the client to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of a client with cancer prescribed methotrexate, the correct supplement to instruct the client to take is folic acid. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist, meaning it interferes with the body's ability to use folic acid. By supplementing with folic acid, the client can help counteract the drug's effects on folic acid levels in the body, reducing the risk of methotrexate toxicity and adverse effects. Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Iron are not the appropriate supplements for a client taking methotrexate. Magnesium supplementation may interfere with the absorption of methotrexate. Vitamin D and Iron do not directly address the specific mechanism of action of methotrexate in relation to folic acid metabolism. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind supplementing with folic acid in clients taking methotrexate is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective medication management for clients with cancer. It highlights the importance of considering drug-nutrient interactions and the role of supplements in supporting treatment outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A client is starting therapy with raloxifene. Which adverse effect should the client monitor for as instructed by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Hot flashes. Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) commonly used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Hot flashes are a common adverse effect associated with estrogen-based medications like raloxifene. Leg cramps (Option A) are not typically associated with raloxifene use. Urinary frequency (Option C) is not a common adverse effect of raloxifene. Hair loss (Option D) is also not a known side effect of raloxifene. Educationally, it is important for students to understand the common adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective care to their patients. Understanding the side effects helps nurses in educating clients about what to expect and how to manage them. In the case of raloxifene, monitoring for hot flashes is crucial for patient education and care.
Question 5 of 5
A client is starting therapy with rituximab. Which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to report?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Fever. When a client is starting therapy with rituximab, it is crucial for the nurse to instruct the client to report any signs of fever promptly. Rituximab is a medication that can suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Fever can be an early sign of infection, which can be severe due to the immunosuppressive effects of rituximab. Option A) Dizziness is not typically associated with rituximab therapy and may be a common side effect of other medications or unrelated issues. Option C) Urinary frequency is also not a common finding associated with rituximab therapy. Option D) Dry mouth is a less concerning side effect compared to fever in this context. Educationally, understanding the side effects and potential complications of rituximab therapy is essential for nurses to ensure the safety and well-being of their clients. Prompt reporting of fever can lead to early intervention and prevention of serious infections in clients undergoing rituximab treatment.