ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which assessment finding is most characteristic of this disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes. This is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis due to the inflammatory nature of the disease. The prolonged morning stiffness is a hallmark feature, reflecting the systemic inflammation present in rheumatoid arthritis. This symptom is not typically seen in osteoarthritis, which rules out options A and B. Pain that worsens with activity is more indicative of osteoarthritis as opposed to rheumatoid arthritis, making option D incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
When caring for a client with pneumonia, what intervention is most effective in preventing the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because performing hand hygiene before and after client contact is crucial in preventing the spread of infection in pneumonia. This intervention helps in reducing the transmission of infectious agents from one client to another and from surfaces to clients. It is a fundamental infection control measure that minimizes the risk of spreading pathogens. Option A is important for treating the infection but does not directly prevent its spread. Option B is a good practice to contain respiratory secretions but may not be as effective as hand hygiene. Option C isolates the client but does not address the primary mode of transmission through contaminated hands.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a long history of smoking is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. COPD is characterized by airway obstruction, leading to difficulty exhaling. 2. Prolonged expiratory phase is a common finding due to air trapping. 3. This leads to hyperinflation and increased residual volume. 4. Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter is not typical in COPD. 5. Increased breath sounds and chest expansion are not common in COPD. In summary, choice C is correct because it directly relates to the pathophysiology of COPD, while the other choices are not consistent with the condition.
Question 4 of 5
A client with tuberculosis (TB) is taking isoniazid (INH). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Isoniazid (INH) can cause liver toxicity. Step 2: Regular liver function tests help monitor for liver damage. Step 3: Monitoring liver function is crucial to prevent serious complications. Step 4: Other choices are not directly related to INH's side effects. Summary: Choice D is correct as it directly addresses a potential serious side effect of INH. Choices A, B, and C are not directly relevant to the medication's side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed osteoporosis is being taught about lifestyle modifications. Which instruction should be included?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Weight-bearing exercises help improve bone density and strength, crucial in managing osteoporosis. Step 2: Regular engagement in weight-bearing exercises can reduce the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Step 3: Increasing intake of caffeinated beverages can contribute to bone loss. Step 4: Avoiding exposure to sunlight can decrease vitamin D levels necessary for calcium absorption. Step 5: Taking calcium supplements with iron may interfere with calcium absorption. Summary: Choice B is correct as weight-bearing exercises are essential for managing osteoporosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they can have negative impacts on bone health.