ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional auscultates a harsh hollow sound over a client's trachea & larynx. Which action should the healthcare professional take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Document findings. This is important because the harsh hollow sound over the trachea and larynx could indicate a potential emergency or serious condition like an airway obstruction or laryngeal edema. Documenting findings helps in providing clear communication to other healthcare professionals and ensures proper follow-up care. Administering O2 therapy (B) or albuterol (D) without a clear understanding of the underlying issue could be harmful. Positioning the client in high-Fowler's position (C) may not directly address the potential emergency at hand.
Question 2 of 5
A client had a bronchoscopy 2 hours ago and asks for a drink of water. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the client's gag reflex before giving any food or water. After a bronchoscopy, the client may have an impaired gag reflex due to the numbing agent used during the procedure. Assessing the gag reflex is crucial to prevent aspiration and ensure the client can safely swallow without the risk of choking or inhaling fluids. This step is essential before offering any food or water to the client. Option A is incorrect because calling the healthcare provider for a prescription is unnecessary at this point. Option B is incorrect because ice chips can still pose a risk if the client's gag reflex is impaired. Option D is incorrect as allowing the client to have a sip without assessing the gag reflex first could lead to complications if the client is unable to swallow properly.
Question 3 of 5
A client with dyspnea and difficulty climbing stairs is classified as having class III dyspnea. Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assistance with activities of daily living. Class III dyspnea signifies moderate exertion causing symptoms. Therefore, the client may need help with daily activities to conserve energy. Daily physical therapy (B) may be too strenuous. Oxygen therapy (C) may not be necessary at this point. Complete bedrest (D) can lead to deconditioning.
Question 4 of 5
When assessing a client with pneumonia, which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dullness on percussion. In pneumonia, the affected lung tissue becomes consolidated, leading to dullness on percussion due to decreased air movement. The rationale behind this is that consolidation causes the air-filled lung tissue to become filled with fluid and inflammatory cells, impairing normal sound transmission upon percussion. Incorrect choices: A: Fremitus - Increased tactile fremitus is typically found in pneumonia due to the denser lung tissue, making this choice incorrect. B: Hyperresonance - Hyperresonance is commonly found in conditions like emphysema with increased lung air volume, not in pneumonia. D: Decreased tactile fremitus - This is contradictory as pneumonia usually presents with increased tactile fremitus due to the consolidated lung tissue.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being taught by a nurse. What nutrition information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. High-fiber foods promote gastric emptying, reducing the risk of bloating and discomfort in COPD patients. 2. COPD patients may experience decreased appetite, and high-fiber foods can provide necessary nutrients without overeating. 3. Increased fiber intake can aid in managing constipation, a common issue in patients with COPD due to decreased physical activity. Summary: A: Avoiding fluids before meals is not directly related to COPD management. B: Resting before meals may help with dyspnea but does not address nutritional needs. C: Consuming six small meals a day may not be necessary for all COPD patients and is not as crucial as promoting gastric emptying with high-fiber foods.