A group of nursing students are reviewing information about co-occurring disorders and risks for substance abuse. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which psychiatric disorder as being associated with the highest risk for substance abuse?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder have a higher risk for substance abuse due to impulsivity, sensation-seeking behavior, and disregard for societal norms. This disorder is characterized by a lack of empathy and concern for others, leading to risky behaviors such as substance abuse. Mania, panic disorder, and phobias are not typically associated with as high a risk for substance abuse as antisocial personality disorder due to different underlying mechanisms. Mania is associated with impulsive behavior but may not always involve substance abuse. Panic disorder and phobias are anxiety disorders that are more focused on specific fears and avoidance behaviors rather than substance abuse tendencies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Coping strategies. The best treatment option for persons with a binge-eating disorder focuses on addressing the underlying emotional issues that contribute to the disorder. Coping strategies help individuals manage stress, anxiety, and other triggers that lead to binge eating. This approach aims to break the cycle of emotional eating and promote healthier eating habits. Bariatric surgery (A) is not typically recommended for individuals with binge-eating disorder as it does not address the psychological aspects of the condition. Avoidance of public eating (C) may temporarily reduce triggers but does not address the root cause. Appetite suppression medications (D) do not address the underlying emotional issues and can have potential side effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking about hallucinations is crucial for assessing the individual's mental state. Hearing voices that no one else can hear may indicate a psychotic disorder, which could be relevant for an insanity defense. Choice A is irrelevant to legal insanity defense as intellectual deficiency is not the same as legal insanity. Choice C focuses on the crime but does not directly address the individual's mental state. Choice D is also irrelevant to the legal insanity defense as knowing the victim does not determine legal sanity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects the preconventional stage of moral development where individuals are focused on avoiding punishment and seeking rewards. In this stage, people adhere to rules to avoid negative consequences. A: This statement indicates adherence to rules to avoid negative consequences, which aligns with the preconventional stage. B: This statement shows empathy and understanding of others' struggles, indicating a higher level of moral development. C: This statement suggests a questioning of societal rules based on fairness, indicating a move towards the conventional stage. D: This statement emphasizes societal rules for safety and civility, showing a higher level of moral reasoning beyond the preconventional stage. In summary, choice A is correct because it aligns with the characteristics of the preconventional stage, while choices B, C, and D reflect higher stages of moral development.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: One effective type of behavioral therapy used for tics is CBIT. This is correct because Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) is a well-established and evidence-based therapy for managing tics in individuals with tic disorders, including Tourette syndrome. CBIT focuses on teaching individuals techniques to monitor and control their tics through behavioral strategies. Choice B is incorrect because there are treatments available for Tourette syndrome, including medications and behavioral therapies like CBIT. Choice C is incorrect because not all people with tic disorders will have them for their entire lives; some may see improvement over time. Choice D is incorrect because Tourette syndrome typically starts in childhood, usually between the ages of 2 and 12 years old, not after age eighteen.