ATI RN
Immune System Disorders Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A good vaccine will:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Be highly immunogenic. A good vaccine should effectively stimulate the immune system to produce a strong immune response against the targeted pathogen while being safe for the individual. This is crucial for developing immunity without causing harm. Choice A (Be highly pathogenic) is incorrect because a vaccine should not cause disease or harm to the individual receiving it. Choice C (Induce herd immunity in a vaccinated individual) is also incorrect as herd immunity refers to protection of a population, not an individual. In summary, a good vaccine should be highly immunogenic to effectively trigger an immune response without causing harm, leading to protection against the targeted pathogen.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing an injection for an individual who requires passive immunity. In which situation would passive immunity be indicated?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Passive immunity is indicated when an individual needs immediate protection with ready-made antibodies after exposure to pathogens. This is the correct answer (C) as it provides immediate defense without waiting for the body to produce its antibodies. Choice A is incorrect because passive immunity is temporary, not permanent. Choice B is incorrect as it addresses treating allergic reactions, not providing immunity. Choice D is incorrect as a booster dose stimulates the body to produce its antibodies, not providing ready-made antibodies.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an infection. Which immunoglobulin should the nurse understand is produced first when an infection occurs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why IgM is the correct answer: 1. IgM is the first immunoglobulin produced in response to an infection. 2. It is the largest immunoglobulin and is effective in agglutinating pathogens. 3. IgM activates the complement system to enhance immune response. 4. IgG is produced later in the immune response and provides long-term immunity. 5. IgD and IgE have specific roles but are not the initial immunoglobulins produced in response to infection.
Question 4 of 5
The bacterial cytoplasmic membrane contains:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because bacterial cytoplasmic membranes typically contain ester-linked phospholipids but no sterols. Ester-linked phospholipids are the main component of bacterial cell membranes, providing structure and function. Sterols, like cholesterol, are not commonly found in bacterial membranes. Choice B is incorrect because sterols are not present in bacterial membranes. Choice C is incorrect because ether-linked phospholipids are more commonly found in archaea, not bacteria. Choice D is incorrect because sulfolipids and glycolipids are not primary components of bacterial cytoplasmic membranes.
Question 5 of 5
Identify the correct statement(s). In prokaryotes:
Correct Answer: d
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in prokaryotes, 50s and 30s ribosomal subunits combine to form the 70s ribosome, which is necessary for protein synthesis. Firstly, ribosomes are composed of two subunits, and in prokaryotes, these are the 50s and 30s subunits. Secondly, these subunits come together during translation to form the functional ribosome. Therefore, these ribosomal subunits are indeed necessary for protein synthesis in prokaryotes. A: Incorrect. Translation can begin before transcription is finished in prokaryotes due to their lack of a nuclear membrane. B: Incorrect. Messenger RNA in prokaryotes is co-linear with the DNA template as they do not undergo RNA splicing like eukaryotes. C: Incorrect. In prokaryotes, the ribosomal RNA present is the 16s, 23s, and 5s, not 28s.