ATI RN
Disorders of the Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A geriatric nurse is performing an assessment of body patient whose renal function is progressively declining. systems on an 85-year-old patient. The nurse should be
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because as renal function declines in an elderly patient, there will be related changes affecting the urinary system. This is important for the nurse to assess to monitor the patient's renal health and intervene as necessary. Choice B is incorrect because a decrease in creatinine level is not a typical indicator of declining renal function. Choice C is incorrect because with declining renal function, the ability to concentrate urine actually decreases. Choice D is incorrect because increased bladder capacity is not a direct result of declining renal function.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the electronic health record of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Renal calculi. Deep tendon reflex assessment is not directly related to the urinary/renal system. Renal calculi, or kidney stones, can cause severe pain and discomfort in the urinary tract. The assessment may help identify if the patient is experiencing symptoms related to renal calculi, such as flank pain or hematuria. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are not specifically addressed by assessing deep tendon reflexes, unlike renal calculi.
Question 3 of 5
A 45-year-old mother of two children is seen at the clinic for complaints of “losing my urine when I sneeze.†The nurse documents that she is experiencing:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stress incontinence. This type of incontinence is characterized by leakage of urine during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as sneezing, coughing, or laughing. In this case, the woman is experiencing urine loss specifically when she sneezes, which aligns with the definition of stress incontinence. Other choices are incorrect because urinary frequency (choice A) refers to a frequent need to urinate, enuresis (choice B) is involuntary urination during sleep, and urge incontinence (choice D) is the sudden, strong need to urinate followed by involuntary leakage.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old man is experiencing severe pain of sudden onset in the scrotal area. It is somewhat relieved by elevation. On examination the nurse notices an enlarged, red scrotum that is very tender to palpation. Distinguishing the epididymis from the testis is difficult, and the scrotal skin is thick and edematous. This description is consistent with which of these?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epididymitis. The key features that point towards epididymitis in this case include sudden onset severe scrotal pain, tenderness in the scrotal area, difficulty in distinguishing the epididymis from the testis, and thick, edematous scrotal skin. Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis typically caused by a bacterial infection. The pain is often relieved by elevation due to reduced pressure. Varicocele (A) is a painless swelling of the veins in the scrotum. Spermatocele (C) is a benign cyst containing sperm that is usually painless. Testicular torsion (D) presents with sudden, severe testicular pain but does not typically involve difficulty in differentiating between the epididymis and testis or edematous scrotal skin.
Question 5 of 5
The drug of choice for treatment and secondary prophylaxis against * cryptococcal meningitis among AIDS patients is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluconazole. Fluconazole is the drug of choice for treating and preventing *cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients due to its excellent CNS penetration and efficacy. It is preferred over Amphotericin B due to its better safety profile and tolerability. Flucytosine is not used as monotherapy and is often combined with other antifungals. Ketoconazole is not recommended for cryptococcal meningitis due to poor CNS penetration.