ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A genetic counselor is called by the hospital to see patients with genetic questions or concerns. With which patient would it be most appropriate for the counselor to speak?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a pregnant patient with multiple sclerosis may have concerns about the impact of their condition and potential genetic risks for the baby. The genetic counselor can provide information on genetic factors, potential risks, and support options for the patient and their family. Incorrect choices: B: While mental health is important, a genetic counselor is not the most appropriate professional to address a recent suicide attempt. C: The number of drugs prescribed does not directly relate to genetic counseling needs. D: Schizophrenia and multiple hospital admissions may require psychiatric care but do not necessarily warrant genetic counseling unless there are specific genetic concerns related to the condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing drug therapy for hypertension. According to the JNC 7 guidelines, antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertensive African-American patient would most likely include which drug or drug classes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics. This combination is recommended for African-American patients with hypertension according to the JNC 7 guidelines. Calcium channel blockers are effective in this population due to their ability to improve blood pressure control. Thiazide diuretics are also effective and can further reduce blood pressure when combined with calcium channel blockers. Choice A (Vasodilators alone) is not typically recommended as first-line therapy. Choice B (ACE inhibitors alone) may be less effective in African-American patients. Choice D (Beta blockers with thiazide diuretics) is not the preferred combination for this patient population based on current guidelines.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes in the patient’s medication orders that the patient will be starting anticoagulant therapy. What is the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preventing thrombus formation. Anticoagulant therapy works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots, preventing thrombus formation. This is crucial in conditions like atrial fibrillation or deep vein thrombosis to reduce the risk of clot formation and subsequent embolism. Stabilizing an existing thrombus (A) or dissolving it (B) are typically managed with other medications like antiplatelet or thrombolytic agents. Dilating the vessel around a clot (D) is not the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse will assess the patient for which potential contraindication to antitubercular therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hepatic impairment. Antitubercular drugs are primarily metabolized by the liver, so hepatic impairment can affect drug metabolism, leading to toxicity or reduced efficacy. Glaucoma (A), anemia (B), and heart failure (C) are not direct contraindications to antitubercular therapy. Glaucoma does not affect drug metabolism, anemia does not interfere with drug efficacy, and heart failure does not directly impact antitubercular drugs' effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
Biotransformation of a medicinal substance results in:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Faster urinary excretion. Biotransformation involves converting a drug into metabolites that are more easily excreted by the body, primarily through urine. This process increases the water solubility of the drug, allowing it to be eliminated more efficiently. Option B is incorrect because biotransformation typically leads to faster, not slower, urinary excretion. Option C is incorrect as biotransformation does not affect distribution within the organism. Option D is incorrect because biotransformation does not directly impact the binding of the drug to membranes.