ATI RN
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.1 Study Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A function of the endocrine system is to produce
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The endocrine system's primary role is secreting chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions like growth and metabolism. These substances travel through the bloodstream, influencing distant tissues to maintain balance. Nurses monitor this system for disorders like thyroid imbalances where production falters, affecting overall health. Unlike immune defenses, digestive catalysts, or nerve signals, this system's output is uniquely suited to long-range coordination, distinguishing it in physiological harmony and making it a cornerstone of systemic regulation.
Question 2 of 5
The relationship between structure and function is best described as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Structure determines function e.g., the heart's muscular walls (structure) enable pumping (function). Negative feedback regulates, not defines, this link. It's always relevant (C, D false). Anatomically, this principle is foundational: lung alveoli's thinness aids gas exchange, kidney tubules filter blood B captures this universal relationship.
Question 3 of 5
The foot is to the thigh as the hand is to the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foot is distal to the thigh (femur); the hand is distal to the brachium (A, upper arm), not shoulder, palm (C, hand part), or digits. Anatomically, this analogy tracks limb segments hand below elbow mirrors foot below knee making A apt.
Question 4 of 5
If an anatomist wanted to depict the structural relationship of the trachea, esophagus, neck muscles, and a vertebra within the neck, which body plane would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A transverse plane cuts horizontally, showing trachea, esophagus, muscles, and vertebra in cross-section at neck level, unlike sagittal (A, E, left-right), coronal (B, front-back), or vague vertical. Anatomically, this reveals spatial relationships e.g., trachea anterior to vertebra ideal for imaging, confirming C.
Question 5 of 5
Give the proper sequence of body cavities or areas traversed as blood flows from the heart to the uterus through the aorta and the uterine artery:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood flows from heart (pericardial, mediastinal in thoracic) via aorta (mediastinal) to abdominal (descending aorta), then pelvic (uterine artery). Options A, C, D misorder or include pleural (lungs). Anatomically, this traces vascular path thoracic to pelvic matching circulation, confirming B.