ATI RN
NurseReview Org Pharmacology Cardiovascular Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A friend has just taken a night shift job and complains about increasing depression. The nurse responds, knowing that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because interrupted wake-sleep patterns can indeed influence mood. Night shift work disrupts the body's natural circadian rhythm, leading to sleep disturbances and affecting the production of neurotransmitters that regulate mood. This disruption can contribute to feelings of depression. Choice A is incorrect as there is a known connection between shift work and mental health. Choice B is incorrect because medication may not address the root cause of the depression in this case. Choice D is incorrect as adjustment to new sleep patterns can vary among individuals and may not necessarily take 4 months.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is in the intensive care unit and receiving an infusion of milrinone (Primacor) for severe heart failure. The prescriber has written an order for an intravenous dose of furosemide (Lasix). How will the nurse give this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer the furosemide in a separate intravenous line. This is the correct approach to prevent potential drug interactions between milrinone and furosemide. Mixing the two drugs in the same IV line can lead to incompatibility issues or chemical reactions that may reduce the effectiveness of both medications. Administering furosemide in a separate IV line ensures that each medication is delivered as intended without compromising their therapeutic effects. Additionally, this method reduces the risk of line contamination and minimizes the potential for errors in drug administration. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to follow this protocol to ensure the safety and efficacy of the patient's treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. The nurse’s answer considers that one benefit of orally administered decongestants is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: lack of rebound congestion. Orally administered decongestants are less likely to cause rebound congestion compared to nasal sprays. This is because oral decongestants work systemically, targeting the whole body, whereas nasal sprays work locally, leading to potential rebound congestion when discontinued. Immediate onset (A) and potent effect (B) are not specific benefits of oral decongestants. Shorter duration (D) is also not a distinctive benefit of oral decongestants.
Question 4 of 5
Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oral. When a drug is administered orally, it passes through the gastrointestinal tract and then the liver before reaching systemic circulation, leading to the first-pass effect. This effect occurs because the liver metabolizes a portion of the drug before it reaches the bloodstream. Sublingual administration (choice A) bypasses the liver initially, reducing the first-pass effect. Intravenous (choice C) and intramuscular (choice D) routes also bypass the liver initially, thus reducing the first-pass effect compared to oral administration.
Question 5 of 5
Pick out the correct definition of a toxic dose:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct definition of a toxic dose is B: The amount of substance to produce effects hazardous for an organism. This is because a toxic dose refers to the quantity of a substance that can cause harm or adverse effects to an organism. It is important to differentiate between toxic doses and other types of doses, such as therapeutic doses (choice C) which produce the desired effect without causing harm. Choices A and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe a toxic dose and are not related to the harmful effects of a substance on an organism.