A fouryearold patient, whose family follows a stri

Question 1 of 5

A four-year-old patient, whose family follows a strict vegetarian diet, undergoes a prekindergarten physical examination. The pediatric nurse is alert to the patient's potential deficiency of:

A. niacin. B. thiamin. C. vitamin B6. D. vitamin B12.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in strict vegetarians due to its primary presence in animal products.

Question 2 of 5

Which causes the symptoms in testicular torsion?

A. Twisting of the spermatic cord interrupts the blood supply. B. Swelling of the scrotum displaces the testis. C. Unmanaged undescended testes cause displacement. D. Microthrombi in the cord cause blockage.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Testicular torsion is due to the twisting of the spermatic cord, which cuts off blood supply to the testicle.

Question 3 of 5

A parent of a child with cerebral palsy is being taught about home care by a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. I will perform range-of-motion exercises twice a day. B. I will apply a heating pad on my child's legs to reduce spasms. C. I will allow my child to rest in a recliner for 1 hour each day. D. I will use wrist splints to maintain alignment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using wrist splints can help maintain alignment and prevent contractures in a child with cerebral palsy. This intervention is crucial in managing the condition and supporting the child's mobility and function.

Question 4 of 5

When developing a home program for self-care, which approach is the most effective?

A. Require the parent to practice the steps regularly and track progress. B. Introduce new home programs weekly with clear instructions for the parent to follow. C. List all the steps and have the parent teach them to the child without practicing. D. Practice the new steps until the child is ready to independently perform them at home.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most effective approach when developing a home program for self-care is to practice the new steps with the child until they are capable of independently carrying them out at home. This method ensures that the child has mastered the skills before transitioning to independent implementation. It is essential for the child's success in self-care activities and promotes their autonomy and confidence. Requiring the parent to practice the steps regularly and track progress, introducing new programs weekly, or having the parent teach the steps without practice may not be as beneficial in fostering the child's independence and skill acquisition.

Question 5 of 5

A child is being treated for dehydration with intravenous fluids. The child currently weighs 13 kg and is estimated to have lost 7% of his normal body weight. The nurse is double-checking the IV rate the healthcare provider prescribed. The formula the healthcare provider used was for maintenance fluids: 1000 mL for 10 kg of body weight plus 50 mL for every kilogram over 10 for 24 hours. Replacement fluid is the percentage of lost body weight × 10 per kg of body weight. According to the calculation for maintenance plus replacement fluid, which hourly IV rate will the nurse implement for 24 hours?

A. 88 mL/hr B. 86 mL/hr C. 81 mL/hr D. 83 mL/hr

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For 13 kg, the maintenance fluid is 1150 mL (1000 mL for first 10 kg + 3*50 mL for the remaining 3 kg). Replacement fluid is 910 mL (0.07 * 13000 mL). Total fluid is 2060 mL, divided by 24 hours is 86 mL/hr.