ATI RN
Basic Care Needs of Patients Questions
Question 1 of 5
A four-year-old girl, weighing approximately 20kg is admitted in shock after an automobile crash. The initial fluid challenge or bolus should consist of Ringers lactate solution in the volume of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 400ml. For a pediatric patient in shock, initial fluid resuscitation typically starts with a bolus of 20ml/kg of crystalloid solution. In this case, the girl weighs 20kg, so 20ml/kg x 20kg = 400ml. This bolus helps restore intravascular volume and improve perfusion. Choice A (200ml) is too low and would not provide adequate volume for resuscitation. Choice C (440ml) is slightly higher than the calculated volume and may increase the risk of fluid overload. Choice D (600ml) is excessive and may lead to complications such as pulmonary edema. Therefore, option B is the most suitable initial fluid bolus volume for this patient's condition.
Question 2 of 5
Minute ventilation increases primarily due to an increase in tidal volume. Hypocapnia (PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg) is therefore common in late pregnancy. A PaCO2 of 35 to 40 mm Hg may indicate impending respiratory failure during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) should be combined with a thorough clinical examination, including imaging studies like AP and odontoid X-rays or CT scans, to evaluate potential spinal cord injuries comprehensively. This approach allows for a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because performing ABC assessments alone may not provide sufficient information to evaluate spinal cord injuries in trauma patients, and imaging studies are necessary to rule out or confirm such injuries.
Question 3 of 5
_____ is a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years of age or older or people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medicare is the correct answer because it specifically caters to individuals who are 65 years old or older, those with permanent kidney failure, or certain disabilities. Medicaid, on the other hand, is a state and federally funded program that provides health coverage for low-income individuals of all ages. Occupational Safety and Health Administration focuses on workplace safety regulations, not health insurance. Health and Human Services is a government department that oversees various health and human services programs, but it is not a health insurance program like Medicare.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements is true of ethics?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Ethics refer to moral principles that govern a person's behavior. Step 2: Knowledge of what is right and wrong is essential to understanding ethics. Step 3: This knowledge guides individuals in making ethical decisions. Step 4: Choice B correctly defines ethics as the knowledge of what is right and wrong. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because ethics are not solely government rules. Choice C is incorrect as misdemeanors are legal violations, not ethical principles. Choice D is incorrect as ethics are crucial in healthcare for making moral decisions.
Question 5 of 5
An example of active listening is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because active listening involves focusing on the speaker and providing feedback to show understanding. This helps build rapport and trust with the resident. Choice A is incorrect as it shows lack of attention. Choice B is incorrect as it hinders the resident's ability to express themselves. Choice D is incorrect as it does not allow for effective communication due to lack of listening. Active listening is essential in healthcare settings to ensure residents feel heard and understood.